{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:05:14Z","timestamp":1787702714319,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The limited experience in treating patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) shows a therapeutic success rate under 50\u201360% and there are no publications regarding the outcome of these patients treated with standardized regimens. All multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients hospitalized at the Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, Iran, during 2004\u20132007 were recruited. Drug susceptibility testing to 14 drugs (including eight second-line drugs) was performed and a standardized regimen with ofloxacin, cycloserine, prothionamide, and amikacin was administered for all patients. Outcome of the patients was studied, comparing between the MDR-TB non\u2013XDR-TB and the XDR-TB. Fifty-one patients were included, 12 with XDR-TB criteria. Of 51, 48 were HIV negative and HIV status was unknown in three cases. All 12 were HIV negative. XDR-TB infection was significantly associated only with age (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.039). The success rates for the total 51 MDR-TB, the 39 MDR-TB non\u2013XDR-TB, and the 12 XDR-TB patients were 76.5% (39 patients), 87.2% (34 patients), and 41.7% (5 patients), respectively. Resistance to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin were found to be significantly associated with unsuccessful outcome. In this setting, a standardized second-line drugs regimen produces high treatment success rates in MDR-TB patients unless XDR-TB is present.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T15:36:06Z","timestamp":1267457766000},"page":"81-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Impact of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis on Treatment Outcome of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients with Standardized Regimen: Report from Iran"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Payam","family":"Tabarsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsan","family":"Chitsaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvaneh","family":"Baghaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Shamaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parisa","family":"Farnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Marjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Kazempour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davood","family":"Mansouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad R.","family":"Masjedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali A.","family":"Velayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Caminero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Hospital Gran Canaria \u201cDr. Negrin,\u201d","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61636-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70143-3","article-title":"Predicting the future of XDR tuberculosis (reflection and reaction)","volume":"7","author":"Blower S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blower S., , Supervie V. 2007. Predicting the future of XDR tuberculosis (reflection and reaction) Lancet Infect. Dis., 7:443.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00261402","article-title":"World Health Organization, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association Working Group. European framework for tuberculosis control and elimination in countries with a low incidence. Recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV) Working Group","volume":"19","author":"Broekmans J.F.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Broekmans J.F., , Migliori G.B., , Rieder H.L., , Leese J., , Ruutu P., , Loddenkemper R., , Raviglione M.C. 2002. World Health Organization, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association Working Group. European framework for tuberculosis control and elimination in countries with a low incidence. Recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV) Working Group. Eur. Respir. J., 19:765\u2013775.","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00103004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"829","article-title":"Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: evidence and controversies","volume":"10","author":"Caminero J.A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Caminero J.A. 2006. Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: evidence and controversies. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis., 10:829\u2013837.","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"A Tuberculosis Guide for Specialist Physicians. International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","author":"Caminero Luna J.A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Caminero Luna J.A. 2004. A Tuberculosis Guide for Specialist Physicians. International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. Imprimerie Chirat: Paris, 1\u2013411."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"301","article-title":"Emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with extensive resistance to second-line drugs - worldwide, 2000\u20132004","volume":"55","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2006","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2006. Emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with extensive resistance to second-line drugs - worldwide, 2000\u20132004. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., 55:301\u2013305.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"250","article-title":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis - United States, 1993\u20132006","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2007","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2007. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis - United States, 1993\u20132006. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., 56:250\u2013253.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. 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PLoS One, 2:e1126.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69573-1","article-title":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis in a rural area of South Africa","volume":"368","author":"Gandhi N.R.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gandhi N.R., , Moll A., , Sturm A.W., , Pawinski R., , Govender T., , Lalloo U. et al. 2006. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis in a rural area of South Africa. Lancet, 368:1575\u20131580.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"758","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: long-term treatment outcome in the Netherlands","volume":"4","author":"Geerligs W.A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Geerligs W.A., , van Altena R., , de Lange W.C.M., , van Soolingen D., , van der Werf T.S. 2005. 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Treatment experience of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Florida, 1994\u20131997. Chest, 120:343\u2013348.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"778","article-title":"Treatment and follow-up of HIV-negative multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in an infectious diseases reference hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina","volume":"8","author":"Palmero D.J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Palmero D.J., , Ambroggi M., , Brea A., , De Lucas M., , Fulgenzi A., , Mart\u00ednez D. et al. 2004. Treatment and follow-up of HIV-negative multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in an infectious diseases reference hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis., 8:778\u2013784.","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp068273","article-title":"XDR tuberculosis - implications for global public health. 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WHO: Geneva. 288:1\u201312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Guidelines of the Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. World Health Organization Document, WHO\/HTM\/TB\/2006","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2006. Guidelines of the Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. World Health Organization Document, WHO\/HTM\/TB\/2006. WHO: Geneva. 361:1\u2013174."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The Global MDR-TB & XDR-TB Response Plan 2007\u20132008. World Health Organization Document, WHO\/HTM\/STB\/2007.2007","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2007. The Global MDR-TB & XDR-TB Response Plan 2007\u20132008. World Health Organization Document, WHO\/HTM\/STB\/2007.2007. 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