{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:34:59Z","timestamp":1791264899019,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of the trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole resistance genes and their association with class 1 integrons in a collection of clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae recovered at the University Hospital Sahloul in Tunisia. A total of 80 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were studied, including six different species. There were 35 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing isolates. Resistance to trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole was assessed by the disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers specific for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul3<\/jats:italic>\n                    was used to detect the three known sulphonamide resistance genes. The presence of class 1 integrons in the studied isolates was detected using PCR and the resistance gene cassettes were characterized by directly sequencing the PCR products obtained with 5\u2032conserved segment (5\u2032CS) and 3\u2032conserved segment (3\u2032CS) primers. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">int1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene was found in 68 out of 80 enterobacterial isolates. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene was found in 22 isolates (27.5%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene in 5 isolates (6.25%), and both genes in 49 isolates (61.25%). Eight of the studied isolates had no\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfr<\/jats:italic>\n                    alleles, and in the remaining 72 isolates, 7\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfr<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes were identified. The most prevalent were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA7<\/jats:italic>\n                    (40%) and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA17<\/jats:italic>\n                    (33%). Class 1 integrons were found to be an important genetic element of resistance to trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole among the clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. The types, combinations, and frequency of the gene cassettes in integrons provide useful data for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in our hospital and for the prescription practice of cotrimoxazole.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,3]],"date-time":"2009-12-03T11:35:30Z","timestamp":1259840130000},"page":"43-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Distribution of Cotrimoxazole Resistance Genes Associated with Class 1 Integrons in Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in a University Hospital in Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Safia","family":"Dahmen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Sahloul","place":["Tunisia"]},{"name":"University of Medecine Pierre and Marie-Curie","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wejdene","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Sahloul","place":["Tunisia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"Boujaafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Sahloul","place":["Tunisia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Arlet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medecine Pierre and Marie-Curie","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olfa","family":"Bouall\u00e8gue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Sahloul","place":["Tunisia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2008.04009.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2948","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.9.2948-2955.2002","article-title":"Occurrence of antibiotic resistance gene cassette aac(6')-Ib, dfrA5, dfrA12, and ereA2 in class I integrons in non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae strains in India","volume":"46","author":"Amita M.T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Amita M.T., , Sinsha K.K., , Chaudhuri S.R., , Garg P., , Ramamurthy T., , Nair G.B., , Ghosh A. 2002. 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