{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:23:11Z","timestamp":1777922591282,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Shigellosis is the third most common enteric bacterial infection in the United States. Although infection is typically self-limiting, empiric treatment is often prescribed. Because of increasing antimicrobial resistance to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , empiric treatment options are decreasing. Identifying resistance patterns can inform empiric treatment recommendations. The goals of our study were to examine risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    and examine issues related to empiric treatment and antimicrobial resistance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . During June 2006\u2013February 2009, we attempted to interview all New York City patients reported to have shigellosis. Their\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to examine the level of resistance and identify risk factors for resistance. Analysis was conducted on two groups distinguished by a large outbreak that was documented during the data collection period. Of the 477 nonoutbreak patients, 333 (70%) patients reported taking an antibiotic for shigellosis and 36 (11%) were treated with an antibiotic to which their\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection was resistant. Among this group, high levels of antimicrobial resistance were detected to amoxicillin-clavulanate (66%), ampicillin (68%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (66%). Non-travel-associated ciprofloxacin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    (five patients) and ciprofloxacin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella sonnei<\/jats:italic>\n                    (four patients) were reported for the first time to our knowledge. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly higher in New York City residents compared with national data. Some patients were treated with therapies that were not effective and to which the patient's\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection was resistant.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections should not be treated with antibiotics unless the patient presents with severe or underlying illness and is at risk for systemic illness. When treatment is indicated, local monitoring of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    for antimicrobial resistance will provide local clinicians with the best guidance for effective empiric treatments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,3]],"date-time":"2010-05-03T15:40:25Z","timestamp":1272901225000},"page":"155-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Antimicrobial Resistance Trends of\n                    <i>Shigella<\/i>\n                    Serotypes in New York City, 2006\u20132009"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Melissa R.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"},{"name":"Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasudha","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen M.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"},{"name":"Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Tsoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Cokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Plentsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thoa","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Balter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Communicable Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"551","volume-title":"Red Book: 2008 Report of the Committee of Infectious Diseases","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics","year":"2008","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics. 2008. Shigella Infections. Pickering L.K. Red Book: 2008 Report of the Committee of Infectious Diseases, 26th. American Academy of Pediatrics: Elk Grove Village, IL, 551\u2013553.","edition":"26"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80867-4","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind study comparing cefixime and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of childhood shigellosis","volume":"123","author":"Ashkenazi S.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ashkenazi S., , Amir J., , Waisman Y., , Rachmel A., , Garty B.Z., , Samra Z., , Varsano I., , Nitzan M. 1993. A randomized, double-blind study comparing cefixime and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of childhood shigellosis. J. Pediatr., 123:817\u2013821.","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000060829.48485.2e"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.4.8.1315","article-title":"An evaluation of current shigellosis treatment","volume":"4","author":"Bhattacharya S.K.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bhattacharya S.K., , Sur D. 2003. An evaluation of current shigellosis treatment. Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 4:1315\u20131320.","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn218","article-title":"Electronic antibiotic stewardship\u2014reduced consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics using a computerized antimicrobial approval system in a hospital setting","volume":"62","author":"Buising K.L.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Buising K.L., , Thursky K.A., , Robertson M.B., , Black J.F., , Street A.C., , Richards M.J., , Brown G.V. 2008. Electronic antibiotic stewardship\u2014reduced consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics using a computerized antimicrobial approval system in a hospital setting. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 62:608\u2013616.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","unstructured":"CDC. 2008. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria (NARMS): Human Isolate Final Report. Atlanta GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services CDC 2005 www.cdc.gov\/NARMS(Online.)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Nineteenth Informational Supplement","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2009. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Nineteenth Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100\u2013S19: Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"2655","volume-title":"Mandell, Douglas, Bennett's Principles and Practices of Infectious Diseases","author":"Dupont H.L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dupont H.L. 2005. Shigella Species (Bacillary Dystentery) Mandell G.L., , Bennett J.E., , Dolin R. Mandell, Douglas, Bennett's Principles and Practices of Infectious Diseases. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone: New York, 2655\u20132660."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006182","article-title":"A recurring outbreak of Shigella sonnei among traditionally observant Jewish children in New York City: the risks of daycare and household transmission","volume":"134","author":"Garrett V.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garrett V., , Bornschlegel K., , Lange D., , Reddy V., , Kornstein L., , Kornblum J., , Agasan A., , Hoekstra M., , Layton M., , Sobel J. 2006. A recurring outbreak of Shigella sonnei among traditionally observant Jewish children in New York City: the risks of daycare and household transmission. Epidemiol. Infect., 134:1231\u20131236.","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/386326"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807008862","article-title":"Emerging resistance to newer antimicrobial agents among Shigella isolated from Finnish foreign travellers","volume":"136","author":"Haukka K.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haukka K., , Siitonen A. 2008. Emerging resistance to newer antimicrobial agents among Shigella isolated from Finnish foreign travellers. Epidemiol. Infect., 136:476\u2013482.","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella isolates in eight Asian countries, 2001\u20132004","volume":"41","author":"Kuo C.Y.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuo C.Y., , Su L.H., , Perera J., , Carlos C., , Tan B.H., , Kumarasinghe G., , So T., , Van P.H., , Chongthaleong A., , Song J.H., , Chiu C.H. 2008. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella isolates in eight Asian countries, 2001\u20132004. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect., 41:107\u2013111.","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200006000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0505.990502"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01903.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01829.x","article-title":"Increasing antimicrobial resistance\u2014an emerging problem in the treatment of shigellosis","volume":"13","author":"Niyogi S.K.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Niyogi S.K. 2007. Increasing antimicrobial resistance\u2014an emerging problem in the treatment of shigellosis. Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 13:1141\u20131143.","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","first-page":"158","article-title":"Increasing spectrum in antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in Bangladesh: resistance to azithromycin and ceftriaxone and decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin","volume":"25","author":"Rahman M.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rahman M., , Shoma S., , Rashid H., , El Arifeen S., , Baqui A.H., , Siddique A.K., , Nair G.B., , Sack D.A. 2007. Increasing spectrum in antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in Bangladesh: resistance to azithromycin and ceftriaxone and decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. J. Health Popul. Nutr., 25:158\u2013167.","journal-title":"J. Health Popul. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1086\/313715","article-title":"Emergence of antimicrobial-resistant shigellosis in Oregon","volume":"30","author":"Replogle M.L.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Replogle M.L., , Fleming D.W., , Cieslak P.R. 2000. Emergence of antimicrobial-resistant shigellosis in Oregon. Clin. Infect. Dis., 30:515\u2013519.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199708143370701"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381584"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.1.49-54.2006","article-title":"High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolates in the United States tested by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System from 1999 to 2002","volume":"50","author":"Sivapalasingam S.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sivapalasingam S., , Nelson J.M., , Joyce K., , Hoekstra M., , Angulo F.J., , Mintz E.D. 2006. High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolates in the United States tested by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System from 1999 to 2002. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 50:49\u201354.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/517825"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.5.1107","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in the USA: the importance of international travelers","volume":"162","author":"Tauxe R.V.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Tauxe R.V., , Puhr N.D., , Wells J.G., , Hargrett-Bean N., , Blake P.A. 1990. Antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in the USA: the importance of international travelers. J. Infect. Dis., 162:1107\u20131111.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.416","article-title":"Occurrence of shigellosis in the young and elderly in rural China: results of a 12-month population-based surveillance study","volume":"73","author":"Wang X.Y.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang X.Y., , Du L., , Von Seidlein L., , Xu Z.Y., , Zhang Y.L., , Hao Z.Y., , Han O.P., , Ma J.C., , Lee H.J., , Ali M., , Han C.Q., , Xing Z.C., , Chen J.C., , Clemens J. 2005. Occurrence of shigellosis in the young and elderly in rural China: results of a 12-month population-based surveillance study. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 73:416\u2013422.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."}],"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:25:14Z","timestamp":1777667114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2009.0130","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}}}