{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:14:16Z","timestamp":1790709256021,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In Egypt, little is known about the genetic background of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates harboring extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL). Five hundred twenty Enterobacteriaceae were prospectively collected (May 2007\u2013August 2008) at the Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (Cairo). Among the collected Enterobacteriaceae, 56% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009291) were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 32% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009165)\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A total of 16% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200983) of all isolates were ESBL, 19% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200955) of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 14% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200923) of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The proportion of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ESBL producers did not differ significantly between in and outpatients (20% vs. 17%) but was significantly different for non\u2013\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ESBL producers (18.5% vs. 1.2%:\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0001). The majority of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ESBL producers (75%) was isolated from urine. All the ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae available for molecular study (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200974) produced CTX-M-15. Among the CTX-M-15-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates; 40% belonged to phylogenetic group A, 32% to D, and 26% to B2. ERIC-2 PCR profiles were obtained for all these\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates and multilocus sequence typing for those belonging to group B2. Genotyping analyses showed strain diversity; however, some clusters had profiles indistinguishable from that of previously published clones. Multilocus sequence typing showed that 75% of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    group B2 belonged to clone ST131. This indicates that a new country in Africa is adversely affected by clones of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2013producing CTX-M-15.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2010.0063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,4]],"date-time":"2010-12-04T13:29:58Z","timestamp":1291469398000},"page":"67-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["CTX-M-15-Producing\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    Clinical Isolates in Cairo (Egypt), Including Isolates of Clonal Complex ST10 and Clones ST131, ST73, and ST405 in Both Community and Hospital Settings"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nevine","family":"Fam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Leflon-Guibout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital AP-HP Beaujon","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salwa","family":"Fouad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Navy Medical Research Unit 3 (NAMRU-3)","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laila","family":"Aboul-Fadl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estelle","family":"Marcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital AP-HP Beaujon","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doaa","family":"Desouky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inas","family":"El-Defrawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Abou-Aitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theodor Bilharz Research Institute","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Klena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Navy Medical Research Unit 3 (NAMRU-3)","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Nicolas-Chanoine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital AP-HP Beaujon","place":["France"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris VII","place":["France"]},{"name":"Inserm U773, CRB3, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"298","article-title":"Antibacterial susceptibility of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli","volume":"7","author":"Bishara J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bishara J., , Livne G., , Ashkenazi S., , Levy I., , Pitlik S., , Ofir O., , Lev B., , Samra Z. 2005. Antibacterial susceptibility of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Isr. Med. Assoc. J., 7:298\u2013301.","journal-title":"Isr. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.1-14.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2004.01.010"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01850.x","article-title":"Prevalence and spread of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Canton R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Canton R., , Novais A., , Valverde A., , Machado E., , Peixe L., , Baquero F., , Coque T.M. 2008. Prevalence and spread of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 14,Suppl 1:144\u2013153.","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200308000-00003","article-title":"Multi-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: from epidemics to endemics","volume":"16","author":"Canton R.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Canton R., , Coque T.M., , Baquero F. 2003. Multi-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: from epidemics to endemics. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis., 16:315\u2013325.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. 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Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm464","article-title":"Intercontinental emergence of Escherichia coli clone O25:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15","volume":"61","author":"Nicolas-Chanoine M.H.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nicolas-Chanoine M.H., , Blanco J., , Leflon-Guibout V., , Demarty R., , Alonso M.P., , Canica M.M., , Park Y.-J., , Lavigne J.-P., , Pitout J., , Johnson J.R. 2008. Intercontinental emergence of Escherichia coli clone O25:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 61:273\u2013281.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. 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J."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn293","article-title":"Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: prevalence, risk factors and molecular epidemiology","volume":"62","author":"Rodriguez-Bano J.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Bano J., , Lopez-Cerero L., , Navarro M.D., , Diaz de Alba P., , Pascual A. 2008. Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: prevalence, risk factors and molecular epidemiology. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 62:1142\u20131149.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. 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Agents"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01008-08","article-title":"High rate of intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactamase-producing organisms in household contacts of infected community patients","volume":"46","author":"Valverde A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Valverde A., , Grill F., , Coque T.M., , Pintado V., , Baquero F., , Canton R., , Cobo J. 2008. High rate of intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactamase-producing organisms in household contacts of infected community patients. J. Clin. Microbiol., 46:2796\u20132799.","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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