{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:24:06Z","timestamp":1777922646085,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in food animals are a potential problem in both animal and human health. In this study, MDR commensal\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from poultry were examined. Thirty-two\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from broiler carcass rinses were selected based on their resistance to aminoglycosides, \u03b2-lactams, chloramphenicols, tetracyclines, and sulfonamide antimicrobials. Microarray analysis for the presence of antimicrobial resistance and plasmid genes identified aminoglycoside [\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aac(6), aac(3)<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aadA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aph<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">strA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">strB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ], \u03b2-lactam (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>AmpC<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CMY<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>PSE-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), chloramphenicol (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cat<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">flo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cmlA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), sulfamethoxazole (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sulI<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sulII<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), tetracycline [\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (A),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (C),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (D), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tetR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ], and trimethoprim (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) resistance genes. IncA\/C plasmid core genes were detected in 27 isolates, while IncHI1 plasmid genes were detected in one isolate, indicating the likely presence of these plasmids. PCR assays for 18 plasmid replicon types often associated with MDR in Enterobacteriaceae also detected one or more replicon types in all 32 isolates. Class I integrons were investigated by PCR amplification of the integrase I gene,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">intI1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and the cassette region flanked by conserved sequences. Twenty-five isolates were positive for the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">intI1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene, and class I integrons ranging in size from \u223c1,000 to 3,300\u2009bp were identified in 19 of them. The presence of class I integrons, IncA\/C plasmid genes, and MDR-associated plasmid replicons in the isolates indicates the importance of these genetic elements in the accumulation and potential spread of antimicrobial resistance genes in the microbial community associated with poultry.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2011.0224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,4]],"date-time":"2012-03-04T21:05:13Z","timestamp":1330895113000},"page":"453-463","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Detected in Multiple-Drug-Resistant\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    Isolates from Broiler Chicken Carcasses"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lashanda M.","family":"Glenn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Englen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Lindsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph F.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E.","family":"Turpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Berrang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Meinersmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula J.","family":"Fedorka-Cray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan G.","family":"Frye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(99)80064-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45908-0","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a multidrug-resistant strain of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli O164 isolated in Japan","volume":"54","author":"Ahmed A.M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ahmed A.M., , Miyoshi S., , Shinoda S., , Shimamoto T. 2005. 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