{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:24:26Z","timestamp":1777922666868,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Our aim was to monitor the resistance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from two initial stages of broiler production in 5 grandparent breeder broiler farms (GPBFs) and 12 parent breeder broiler farms (PBFs) in which no antimicrobials were used during the study. Susceptibility tests were carried out for 805 strains (697\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 108\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) against nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, tetracycline, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol using the disk-diffusion method. Quinolone resistance was the most abundant overall (74.9%) and at each stage of production. The second largest resistance was for tetracycline with 48.2%. The resistance against amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol was not found. The percentages of resistance and multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were always higher in the PBFs than in the GPBFs. However, pan-susceptible populations (total 10.3%) were isolated in our survey.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were more resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin (96.3% and 23.1%, respectively) than for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    (40.7% and 0%, respectively) and were more MDR (33.3% vs. 11.9%). In conclusion, as other authors have shown, even in the absence of antibiotic pressure, relatively high rates of quinolone resistance are found in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, a decrease in quinolone resistance has been observed compared to other studies in Spain [\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">i.e.,<\/jats:italic>\n                    99%; Saenz\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2000;\n                    <jats:bold>44(2):<\/jats:bold>\n                    267\u2013271]. MDR, fluoroquinolone-, macrolide-, and tetracycline-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    populations are issues of concern in public health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2012.0160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]],"date-time":"2013-02-07T09:58:36Z","timestamp":1360231116000},"page":"323-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of\n                    <i>Campylobacter jejuni<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Campylobacter coli<\/i>\n                    Strains Isolated from Two Early Stages of Poultry Production"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"David","family":"P\u00e9rez-Boto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health \u201cCarlos III,\u201d","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Garc\u00eda-Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Veterinary Laboratory","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Abad-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COBB Spain, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Aurora","family":"Echeita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health \u201cCarlos III,\u201d","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47220-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2008.01176.x","article-title":"Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and its resistance to antibiotics in poultry in the Czech Republic","volume":"56","author":"Bardon J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bardon J., , Kolar M., , Cekanova L., , Hejnar P., , Koukalova D. 2009. Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and its resistance to antibiotics in poultry in the Czech Republic. Zoonoses Public Health, 56:111\u2013116.","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"CLSI Document M45-A2","author":"[CLSI] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2010","unstructured":"[CLSI] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2010. Methods for Antimicrobial Dilution and Disk Susceptibility Testing of Infrequently isolated or fastidious Bacteria; Approved Guideline-Second Edition. 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