{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:24:28Z","timestamp":1777922668423,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In Japan, the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has been introduced on a voluntary basis since February 2010, and official financial support for children under 5 years started in November 2010. The impact of PCV7 on invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in children is unknown. There are 340 medical institutions that actively participated in our surveillance project throughout Japan. We collected 252 strains from patients with IPD in 2006 (pre-PCV7), 280 strains in 2010 (under 10% immunization achieved), and 128 strains in 2011 (50% to 60% immunization). Serotypes and penicillin-resistance genotypes (g) were compared between these years. Multilocus sequence typing was also carried out on these strains. Due to the official promotion, IPD significantly decreased in 2011 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). In particular, meningitis and sepsis caused by vaccine type (VT) strains declined (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.033,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). In less than 2 years, among nonvaccine types (NVT), 15A and 22F increased in 2011 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.015,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.015). Coverage by PCV7 decreased from 71.8% in 2006 to 51.6% in 2011. Sequence-type diversities accompanied by evolution to gPRSP occurred in both VT and NVT strains. Reduction of IPD caused by VT strains was accomplished, but a rapid increase of NVT raises concern about a future decrease in the efficacy of PCV7.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]],"date-time":"2013-03-12T10:25:46Z","timestamp":1363083946000},"page":"308-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Rapid Decrease of 7-Valent Conjugate Vaccine Coverage for Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases in Pediatric Patients in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Naoko","family":"Chiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Morozumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michi","family":"Shouji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center Hospital","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeaki","family":"Wajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keio University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Sunakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimiko","family":"Ubukata, and the Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases Surveillance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Preventing pneumococcal disease among infants and young children. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)","volume":"49","author":"Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)","year":"2000","unstructured":"Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). 2000. Preventing pneumococcal disease among infants and young children. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) MMWR Recomm. Rep., 49:1\u201335.","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/15.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e168","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030168","article-title":"Vaccine escape recombinants emerge after pneumococcal vaccination in the United States","volume":"3","author":"Brueggemann A.B.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brueggemann A.B., , Pai R., , Crook D.W., , Beall B. 2007. Vaccine escape recombinants emerge after pneumococcal vaccination in the United States. PLoS Pathog., 3:e168.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"893","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects of routine vaccination of children with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease\u2014United States, 1998\u20132003","volume":"54","author":"Centers for Disease Control, Prevention (CDC)","year":"2005","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control, Prevention (CDC). 2005. Direct and indirect effects of routine vaccination of children with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease\u2014United States, 1998\u20132003. MMWR. Morb. Mortal Wkly. Rep., 54:893\u2013897.","journal-title":"MMWR. Morb. Mortal Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"258","article-title":"Licensure of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and recommendations for use among children\u2014Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control, Prevention (CDC)","year":"2010","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control, Prevention (CDC). 2010. Licensure of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and recommendations for use among children\u2014Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010. MMWR. Morb. Mortal Wkly. Rep., 59:258\u2013261.","journal-title":"MMWR. Morb. Mortal Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki302","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility according to genotype of penicillin-binding protein and macrolide resistance genes, and serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from community-acquired pneumonia in children","volume":"56","author":"Chiba N.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chiba N., , Kobayashi R., , Hasegawa K., , Morozumi M., , Nakayama E., , Tajima T., , Iwata S., , Ubukata K. 2005. Antibiotic susceptibility according to genotype of penicillin-binding protein and macrolide resistance genes, and serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from community-acquired pneumonia in children. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 56:756\u2013760.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2011.0102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39927","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039927","article-title":"Mathematical modelling long-term effects of replacing prevnar7 with prevnar13 on invasive pneumococcal diseases in England and wales","volume":"7","author":"Choi Y.H.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choi Y.H., , Jit M., , Flasche S., , Gay N., , Miller E. 2012. Mathematical modelling long-term effects of replacing prevnar7 with prevnar13 on invasive pneumococcal diseases in England and wales. PloS One, 7:e39927.","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70281-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"1008","article-title":"Toronto Invasive Bacterial Diseases Network, and Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network","volume":"58","author":"Demczuk W.H.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demczuk W.H., , Martin I., , Griffith A., , Lefebvre B., , McGeer A., , Shane A., , Zhanel G.G., , Tyrrell G.J., , Gilmour M.W. Toronto Invasive Bacterial Diseases Network, and Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network. 2012. Serotype distribution of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada during the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. 2010. Can. J. Microbiol., 58:1008\u20131017.","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-144-11-3049","article-title":"A multilocus sequence typing scheme for Streptococcus pneumoniae: identification of clones associated with serious invasive disease","volume":"144","author":"Enright M.C.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Enright M.C., , Spratt B.G. 1998. A multilocus sequence typing scheme for Streptococcus pneumoniae: identification of clones associated with serious invasive disease. Microbiology, 144,Pt 11:3049\u20133060.","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000253059.84602.c3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1086\/650496","article-title":"Increased penicillin nonsusceptibility of nonvaccine-serotype invasive pneumococci other than serotypes 19A and 6A in post-7-valent conjugate vaccine era","volume":"201","author":"Gertz R.E.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gertz R.E.Jr., , Li Z., , Pimenta F.C., , Jackson D., , Juni B.A., , Lynfield R., , Jorgensen J.H., , Carvalho Mda G., , Beall B.W. 2010. Increased penicillin nonsusceptibility of nonvaccine-serotype invasive pneumococci other than serotypes 19A and 6A in post-7-valent conjugate vaccine era. J. Infect. Dis., 201:770\u2013775.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/510249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01485-09","article-title":"Temporal analysis of invasive pneumococcal clones from Scotland illustrates fluctuations in diversity of serotype and genotype in the absence of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine","volume":"48","author":"Jefferies J.M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jefferies J.M., , Smith A.J., , Edwards G.F., , McMenamin J., , Mitchell T.J., , Clarke S.C. 2010. Temporal analysis of invasive pneumococcal clones from Scotland illustrates fluctuations in diversity of serotype and genotype in the absence of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. J. Clin. Microbiol., 48:87\u201396.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1086\/322736","article-title":"Antibiotic selection of multiply resistant pneumococci","volume":"33","author":"Klugman K.P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Klugman K.P. 2001. Antibiotic selection of multiply resistant pneumococci. Clin. Infect. Dis., 33:489\u2013491.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.10.145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61204-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.11.09.00646-en","article-title":"Pneumococcal disease surveillance in Europe","volume":"11","author":"Pebody R.G.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pebody R.G., , Hellenbrand W., , D'Ancona F., , Ruutu P. 2006. Pneumococcal disease surveillance in Europe. Euro. Surveill., 11:171\u2013178.","journal-title":"Euro. Surveill."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648593"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.14.1668"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.4.604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir326","article-title":"Geographic variation in invasive pneumococcal disease following pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in the United States","volume":"53","author":"Rosen J.B.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rosen J.B., , Thomas A.R., , Lexau C.A., , Reingold A., , Hadler J.L., , Harrison L.H., , Bennett N.M., , Schaffner W., , Farley M.M., , Beall B.W., , Moore M. R. 2011. Geographic variation in invasive pneumococcal disease following pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction in the United States. Clin. Infect. Dis., 53:137\u2013143.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-010-0180-3","article-title":"Molecular epidemiologic characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children with meningitis in Japan from 2007 through 2009","volume":"17","author":"Sakai F.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sakai F., , Chiba N., , Ono A., , Yamagata Murayama S., , Ubukata K., , Sunakawa K., , Takahashi T. 2011. Molecular epidemiologic characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children with meningitis in Japan from 2007 through 2009. J. Infect. Chemother., 17:334\u2013340.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02350645","article-title":"Incidence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Japan, 1993\u20131995","volume":"1","author":"Ubukata K.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ubukata K., , Asahi Y., , Okuzumi K., , Konno M. 1996. Incidence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Japan, 1993\u20131995. J. Infect. Chemother., 1:177\u2013184.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1488-1494.2004","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility in relation to penicillin-binding protein genes and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains responsible for meningitis in Japan, 1999 to 2002","volume":"48","author":"Ubukata K.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ubukata K., , Chiba N., , Hasegawa K., , Kobayashi R., , Iwata S., , Sunakawa K. 2004. Antibiotic susceptibility in relation to penicillin-binding protein genes and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains responsible for meningitis in Japan, 1999 to 2002. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 48:1488\u20131494.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for childhood immunization\u2014WHO position paper","volume":"82","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2007","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 2007. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for childhood immunization\u2014WHO position paper. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec., 82:93\u2013104.","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec."}],"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:27:30Z","timestamp":1777667250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2012.0180","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}}}