{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:08:17Z","timestamp":1790726897106,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBL) are widespread enzymes in animals, and the risk of transmission of ESBL genes to humans has become a major issue. In Tunisia, recent data showed a high prevalence of ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates in healthy animals, mostly in chickens. In this study, we report the first data on ESBL in diseased Tunisian animals (chickens and cattle), highlighting a major difference in ESBL prevalence in the infectious versus noninfectious\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    flora. Interestingly, the only ESBL producer was an ST10\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    from a cattle, and not from chicken. Moreover, this\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolate harbored the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    gene on an F2:A-:B- plasmid, a combination frequently found in humans. This plasmid was also highly similar to a\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    F2:A-:B- plasmid recently reported in cattle in France. Altogether, this study is also the first report of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    gene in food animals in Tunisia, and, to our best knowledge, the first report of an ESBL producer in cattle in Africa. Since this plasmid was recognized in cattle in France and worldwide in humans, the question of its origin in Tunisian cattle is open. The detection of ESBL producers in milk in Tunisia may also constitute a risk of ESBL transmission from animals to humans through food consumption.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2013.0160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T12:56:32Z","timestamp":1389790592000},"page":"344-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["<i>bla<\/i>\n                    <sub>CTX-M-15<\/sub>\n                    -Carrying F2:A-:B- Plasmid in\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    from Cattle Milk in Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Raoudha","family":"Grami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ANSES Site de Lyon","place":["France"]},{"name":"Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safia","family":"Dahmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANSES Site de Lyon","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wejdene","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wahib","family":"Mehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre R\u00e9gional des Recherches V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires de Sousse"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Haenni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANSES Site de Lyon","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahjoub","family":"Aouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Yves","family":"Madec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANSES Site de Lyon","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1097(97)00196-1","article-title":"Substitution of alanine for aspartate at position 179 in the SHV-6 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase","volume":"152","author":"Arlet G.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Arlet G., , Rouveau M., , and Philippon A., 1997. Substitution of alanine for aspartate at position 179 in the SHV-6 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 152:163\u2013167.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. 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Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases isolated in Rome, Italy. J. Clin. Microbiol., 46:103\u2013108.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-011-1410-z","article-title":"Characterization of IncA\/C conjugative plasmid harboring bla\n                  TEM-52 and bla\n                  CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Tunisia","volume":"31","author":"Chouchani C.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chouchani C., , El Salabi A., , Marrakchi R., , Ferchichi L., , and Walsh T.R., 2012. Characterization of IncA\/C conjugative plasmid harboring blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Tunisia. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 31:1081\u20131087.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 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