{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:11:50Z","timestamp":1791274310483,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Resistance to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B group of antibiotics in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                    is generally due to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    (B) genes. Tn\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">6194<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a conjugative transposon initially detected in PCR-ribotype 027 isolates, is an\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    (B)-containing element also detected in other relevant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                    PCR-ribotypes. In this study, the genome of a\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                    PCR-ribotype 001 strain was sequenced, and an element with two nucleotidic changes compared to Tn\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">6194<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected. This element was transferred by filter mating assays to recipient strains of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                    belonging to PCR-ribotype 009 and 027 and to a recipient strain of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Transconjugants were characterized by Southern blotting and genome sequencing, and integration sites in all transconjugants were identified. The element integrated the genome of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                    at different sites and the genome of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    at a unique site. This study is the first molecular characterization of an\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    (B)-containing conjugative transposon in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                    and provides additional evidence of the antibiotic resistance transmission risk among pathogenic bacteria occupying the same human intestinal niche.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2014.0015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]],"date-time":"2014-07-23T18:15:50Z","timestamp":1406139350000},"page":"555-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Inter- and Intraspecies Transfer of a\n                    <i>Clostridium difficile<\/i>\n                    Conjugative Transposon Conferring Resistance to MLS\n                    <sub>B<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Wasels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Monot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Spigaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Barbanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Bouchier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Dupuy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Mastrantonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"28","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology","author":"Bailey T.L.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bailey T.L., , and Elkan C.. 1994. Fitting a mixture model by expectation maximization to discover motifs in biopolymers. In Altman R., , Brutlag D, , Karp P, , Lathrop R, , Searls D (eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology. AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, pp. 28\u201336."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01824.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13629.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/mge.19297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"Methods for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2007","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2007. Methods for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria. Approved Standard M11-A7. CLSI, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Eighteenth Informational Supplement M100-S18","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2008. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Eighteenth Informational Supplement M100-S18. 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