{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:26:20Z","timestamp":1780964780173,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of the study was to investigate antibiotic resistance mechanisms, virulence traits, and genetic background of 150 nonrepetitive community-acquired uropathogenic\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (CA-UPEC) from Algeria. A rate of 46.7% of isolates was multidrug resistant.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes detected were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    (96.8% of amoxicillin-resistant isolates),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    (4%), overexpressed\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>AmpC<\/jats:sub>\n                    (4%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV-2a<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM-4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM-31<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM-35<\/jats:sub>\n                    (0.7%). All tetracycline-resistant isolates (51.3%) had\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tetA<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\/or\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tetB<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes. Sulfonamides and trimethoprim resistance genes were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (60.8%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (45.9%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul3<\/jats:italic>\n                    (6.7%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA14<\/jats:italic>\n                    (25.4%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (18.2%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA12<\/jats:italic>\n                    (16.3%), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA25<\/jats:italic>\n                    (5.4%). High-level fluoroquinolone resistance (22.7%) was mediated by mutations in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    (S83L-D87N) and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">parC<\/jats:italic>\n                    (S80I-E84G\/V or S80I) genes.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aac(6\u2032)-Ib-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                    were rare (5.3%). Class 1 and\/or class 2 integrons were detected (40.7%). Isolates belonged to phylogroups B2+D (50%), A+B1 (36%), and F+C+Clade I (13%). Most of D (72.2%) and 38.6% of B2 isolates were multidrug resistant; they belong to 14 different sequence types, including international successful ST131, ST73, and ST69, reported for the first time in the community in Algeria and new ST4494 and ST4529 described in this study. Besides multidrug resistance, B2 and D isolates possessed virulence factors of colonization, invasion, and long-term persistence. The study highlighted multidrug-resistant CA-UPEC with high virulence traits and an epidemic genetic background.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2015.0045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,2]],"date-time":"2015-10-02T15:58:57Z","timestamp":1443801537000},"page":"516-526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence, and Genetic Background of Community-Acquired Uropathogenic\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    from Algeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Merzouk","family":"Yahiaoui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Robin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie","place":["France"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Auvergne","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabah","family":"Bakour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moufida","family":"Hamidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Salim Zemirli","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie","place":["France"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Auvergne","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamina","family":"Messai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00925-09","article-title":"Polysaccharide capsule and sialic acid-mediated regulation promote biofilm-like intracellular bacterial communities during cystitis","volume":"78","author":"Anderson G.G.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anderson G.G., , Goller C.C., , Justice S., , Hultgren S.J., , and Seed P.C. 2010. 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