{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:11:33Z","timestamp":1787008293617,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Enzymatic inactivation is one of the most important mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycosides. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">armA<\/jats:italic>\n                      and diversity of the genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and their associations with resistance phenotypes in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three hundred and seven\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were collected from five hospitals in northwest Iran. The disk diffusion method for amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration for amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and kanamycin were done for susceptibility testing. Thirteen AME genes and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">armA<\/jats:italic>\n                      methylase were screened using the PCR and sequencing assays.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred and twenty (71.7%) of isolates were resistant to aminoglycosides and 155 (70.5%) of them were positive for aminoglycoside resistance genes. The most prevalent AME genes were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ant(3\u2033)-Ia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aph(3\u2033)-Ib<\/jats:italic>\n                      with the frequency 35.9% and 30.5%, respectively. Also, 21 (9.5%) of resistant isolates were positive for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">armA<\/jats:italic>\n                      methylase gene.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of resistance to aminoglycoside is high and AME genes frequently are disseminated in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates. There is an association between phenotypic resistance and the presence of some aminoglycoside genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2016.0224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T11:31:57Z","timestamp":1486035117000},"page":"826-832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Dissemination of Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes and\n                    <i>armA<\/i>\n                    Among\n                    <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i>\n                    Isolates in Northwest Iran"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Ghotaslou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Yeganeh Sefidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Taghi","family":"Akhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Asgharzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalda","family":"Mohammadzadeh Asl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"73","article-title":"Resistance Patterns and Prevalence of the Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in Clinical Isolates of Gram Negative Pathogens","volume":"8","author":"Chaudhary M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chaudhary M., , and Payasi A.. 2014. Resistance Patterns and Prevalence of the Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in Clinical Isolates of Gram Negative Pathogens. Global J. Pharmacol., 8:73\u201379.","journal-title":"Global J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-005-0279-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-58"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1106.040924"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2011.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01477-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-842"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"28","article-title":"First Detection of 16S rRNA Methylase and bla\n                  CTX-M-15 Genes among Klebsiella pneumonia Strains Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in Iran","volume":"3","author":"Ashrafian F.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ashrafian F., , Fallah F., , Hashemi A., , Erfanimanesh S., , Amraei S., , and Tarashi S.. 2015. First Detection of 16S rRNA Methylase and blaCTX-M-15 Genes among Klebsiella pneumonia Strains Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in Iran. Res. Mol. Med., 3:28\u201334.","journal-title":"Res. Mol. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2014. Performance Standards for A ntimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Twentiethin Formational Supplement M100-S24. Vol 34. N 1. CLSI Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl527"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2012.0125"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Gr\u00fcnbaum F. Navarro Risue\u00f1o F. and Mirelis Otero B.. 2011. Resistencia Aaminogluc\u00f3sidos in Enterobacteriaceae. Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Barcelona."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(99)80057-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"531","article-title":"The aac (6\u2032) Ib gene in Proteus mirabilis strains resistant to aminoglycosides","volume":"46","author":"Wieczorek P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wieczorek P., , Sacha P., , Hauschild T., , Ostas A., , K\u0142osowska W., , Ratajczak J., , and Tryniszewska E. 2008. The aac (6\u2032) Ib gene in Proteus mirabilis strains resistant to aminoglycosides. Folia Histochem. Cytobiol., 46:531\u2013533.","journal-title":"Folia Histochem. 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