{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:22:16Z","timestamp":1790882536265,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,4]],"date-time":"2017-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Emergence and spread of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates producing extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBLs) present a major threat to public health. In this study, we characterized \u03b2-lactam-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from six wastewater samples obtained from two pharmaceutical industries located in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria. Bacteria were isolated by using MacConkey agar; species identification and antibacterial susceptibility testing were performed by Vitek 2. Etest was used for ESBL phenotype confirmation. The presence of \u03b2-lactamase genes was investigated by PCR and sequencing. Bacterial strain typing was done by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Xba<\/jats:italic>\n                    I-macrorestriction and subsequent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as well as multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Thirty-five bacterial species were isolated from the six samples; among them, we identified seven\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates with resistance to \u03b2-lactams and co-resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and folate pathway inhibitors. The ESBL phenotype was confirmed in six\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates that harbored ESBL genes\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV-2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV-12<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091). PFGE and MLST analysis revealed five clones belonging to four sequence types (ST11, ST15, ST37, ST101), and clone\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    -ST101 was present in the wastewater samples from two different pharmaceutical industries. Additionally performed conjugation assays confirmed the location of \u03b2-lactamase genes on conjugative plasmids. This is the first confirmation of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates producing CTX-M-15-ESBL from pharmaceutical wastewaters in Nigeria. The co-resistance observed might be a reflection of the different drugs produced by these industries. Continuous surveillance of the environmental reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria is necessary to prevent their further spread.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2016.0269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,4]],"date-time":"2017-04-04T17:16:58Z","timestamp":1491326218000},"page":"1013-1018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Extended-Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase-Producing\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    from Pharmaceutical Wastewaters in South-Western Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Avemaria","family":"Obasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lagos","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SimonCyril","family":"Nwachukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lagos","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Ugoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lagos","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Greifswald","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"G\u00f6hler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Greifswald","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Balau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Greifswald","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Pfeifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"Steinmetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Greifswald","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-308707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2013.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki429"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"35","article-title":"Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Intensive Care Unit Producing CTX-M-15 Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases","volume":"2","author":"Iroha I.R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iroha I.R., , Oji A.E., , and Nwakaeze A.E.. 2011. Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Intensive Care Unit Producing CTX-M-15 Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases. Am. J. Microbiol., 2:35\u201339.","journal-title":"Am. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"DC07","article-title":"Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species from North Eastern Nigeria","volume":"10","author":"Mohammed Y.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohammed Y., , Gadzama G.B., , Zailani S.B., , and Aboderin A.O.. 2016. Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species from North Eastern Nigeria. J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 10:DC07\u2013DC10.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. 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