{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:27:16Z","timestamp":1777922836991,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,9]],"date-time":"2017-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study was designed mainly to assess the phenotypic properties of clinically isolated\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium exposed to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. The antibiotic susceptibility, \u03b2-lactamase activity, efflux activity, bacterial motility, biofilm-forming ability, and gene expression were determined in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium ATCC 19585 and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 when exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 was highly resistant to ampicillin, kanamycin, penicillin G, and streptomycin, showing minimum inhibitory concentration values of more than 512\u2009\u03bcg\/ml, while\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium ATCC 19585 showed resistance to erythromycin alone (64\u2009\u03bcg\/ml). The highest \u03b2-lactamase activity was observed in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 when exposed to ceftriaxone (8.2\u2009\u03bcmol\/min\/ml), while the least \u03b2-lactamase activity was observed in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium ATCC 19585. Compared to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009, the ethidium bromide (EtBr) accumulation was considerably increased in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium ATCC 19585 when treated with efflux pump inhibitors.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium ATCC 19585 and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 were highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin in the presence of phenylalanine-arginine-\u03b2-naphthylamide. The swimming motility of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium ATCC 19585 exposed to ceftriaxone was significantly reduced to 54% when compared to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 (93%). The numbers of attached\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 cells were significantly increased by more than 1 log cfu\/ml when exposed to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. The relative gene expression was stable in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium CCARM 8009 in the presence of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin compared to the absence of antibiotics. These results suggest that the antibiotic susceptibility of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium having different antibiotic resistance profiles varied depending on the presence of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,9]],"date-time":"2017-05-09T16:41:49Z","timestamp":1494348109000},"page":"949-957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characterization of Clinically Isolated Antibiotic-Resistant\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Typhimurium Exposed to Subinhibitory Concentrations of Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jeongjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kangwon National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juhee","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kangwon National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.2764"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/524898"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/49.1.31"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-4581.2007.00105.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7897\/2230-8407.050207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"204","article-title":"Resistance to quinolones and \u03b2-lactams in Salmonella enterica due to mutations in topoisomerase-encoding genes, altered cell permeability and expression of an active efflux system","volume":"33","author":"Mir\u00f3 E.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mir\u00f3 E., , Verg\u00e9s C., , Garc\u00eda I., , Mirelis B., , Navarro F., , Coll P., , Prats G., , and Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez L.. 2015. Resistance to quinolones and \u03b2-lactams in Salmonella enterica due to mutations in topoisomerase-encoding genes, altered cell permeability and expression of an active efflux system. Enferm. Infec. Micribiol. Clin., 33:204\u2013211.","journal-title":"Enferm. Infec. Micribiol. Clin."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Acid adaptation protects Salmonella typhimurium from environmental stresses","volume":"27","author":"Tosun H.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tosun H., , and Gonul A.. 2008. Acid adaptation protects Salmonella typhimurium from environmental stresses. Turkish J. Biol., 27:31\u201336.","journal-title":"Turkish J. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","volume-title":"Approved standard M07-A10","author":"CLSI","year":"2015","unstructured":"CLSI. 2015. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically. Approved standard M07-A10. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"171","article-title":"Identification of efflux pump-mediated multidrug-resistant bacteria by the ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method","volume":"25","author":"Martins M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Martins M., , Viveiros M., , Couto I., , Costa S.S., , Pacheco T., , Fanning S., , Pages J.-M., , and Amaral L.. 2011. Identification of efflux pump-mediated multidrug-resistant bacteria by the ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method. In Vivo, 25:171\u2013178.","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"535","article-title":"Effect of efflux pump inhibitors on drug susceptibility of ofloxacin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates","volume":"133","author":"Singh M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singh M., , Jadaun G., , Ramdas V., , Srivastava K., , Chauhan V., , Mishra R., , Gupta K., , Nair S., , Chauhan D., , Sharma V., , Venkatesan K., , and Katoch V.. 2011. Effect of efflux pump inhibitors on drug susceptibility of ofloxacin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Indian J. Med. Res., 133:535\u2013540.","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0791-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438-007-0309-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/2013.August.8.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2000.102040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/18.Supplement_E.15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.21.2.299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"808","article-title":"Outer membrane permeability and antibiotic resistance","volume":"1794","author":"Delcour A.H.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Delcour A.H. 2009. Outer membrane permeability and antibiotic resistance. Biochem. Biophy. Acta, 1794:808\u2013816.","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophy. Acta"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","first-page":"507","article-title":"Mechanistic study of the hydrolysis of nitrocefin mediated by B. cereus metallo-\u03b2-lactamase","volume":"2003","author":"Rasia R.M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rasia R.M., , and Vila A.J.. 2003. Mechanistic study of the hydrolysis of nitrocefin mediated by B. cereus metallo-\u03b2-lactamase. Arch. Org. Chem., 2003:507\u2013516.","journal-title":"Arch. Org. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.68531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/204141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.17.4686-4692.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00587-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01050"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2005.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3129-3135.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.565-570.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2003.02140.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.5.1223-1228.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf095"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.547794"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.06395-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-016-1210-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01277-06"}],"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:31:26Z","timestamp":1777667486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2016.0319","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,9]]}}}