{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:28:07Z","timestamp":1777922887386,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The emergence of high-level penicillin resistance in pneumococcal isolates has seriously complicated the treatment of pneumococcal infections in recent years. The purpose of this study was to determine the serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, molecular typing, and genetic analysis of the penicillin-binding protein 1a (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">pbp1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene in pneumococcal isolates with high-level resistance to penicillin in Tehran, Iran. PCR amplification, sequencing, and data analysis of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">pbp1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene were carried out for isolates with high-level resistance to penicillin. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that the multiple drug resistance pattern \u201cE-CD-OX-TS-T\u201d was the most prevalent (18.0%). The most common serotypes were serotypes 14 (21%), 19F (17%), 23F (16%), and 3 (16%). The highest mutation rates were found in STMK conserved motifs, but no mutation was detected in the other two sequence motifs (SRN and KTG). High-level resistant isolates showed mutations at residues TSQF (574\u2013577) NTGY. Pneumococcal isolates have experienced shifts toward higher penicillin minimal inhibitory concentration levels and other \u03b2-lactams. The results of this study show that the presence of multiple substitutions in the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">pbp1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene in pneumococcal isolates is highly associated with a reduced affinity to penicillin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2017.0326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T14:17:21Z","timestamp":1533219441000},"page":"39-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Molecular Analysis of PBP1A in\n                    <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    Isolated from Clinical and Normal Flora Samples in Tehran, Iran: A Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajad","family":"Yaghoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asadabad School of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GholamReza","family":"Irajian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a010215","article-title":"The pneumococcus: epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis","volume":"3","author":"Henriques-Normark B.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Henriques-Normark B., , and Tuomanen E.I.. 2013. The pneumococcus: epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med., 3:10\u2013215.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61114-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2001.00056.x","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae as an agent of nosocomial infection: treatment in the era of penicillin-resistant strains","volume":"7","author":"Paradisi J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Paradisi J., , Corti G., , and Cinelli R.. 2001. Streptococcus pneumoniae as an agent of nosocomial infection: treatment in the era of penicillin-resistant strains. Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 7:34\u201342.","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. 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