{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:28:14Z","timestamp":1777922894983,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Flies play an important role as vectors in the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) and are hypothesized to transfer ARB between internal and external livestock housing areas. The aim of this study was to understand the role that flies may play in the maintenance of ARB in the farm environment. We first evaluated the fate of ingested antimicrobial-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    harboring a plasmid containing antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs) throughout the housefly (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Musca domestica<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) life cycle, from adult to the subsequent F1 generation. Antimicrobial-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    was isolated from different life cycle stages and ARG carriage quantified. The ingested\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    persisted throughout the fly life cycle, and ARG carriage was maintained at a constant level in the housefly microbiota. To clarify the transmission of ARB from flies to livestock, 30-day-old chickens were inoculated with maggots containing antimicrobial-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Based on the quantification of bacteria isolated from cecal samples, antimicrobial-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    persisted in these chickens for at least 16 days. These results suggest that flies act as a reservoir of ARB throughout their life cycle and may therefore be involved in the maintenance and circulation of ARB in the farm environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2017.0371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]],"date-time":"2018-04-30T14:23:54Z","timestamp":1525098234000},"page":"127-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Role of Flies in the Maintenance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Farm Environments"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Akira","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakuno Gakuen University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Usui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakuno Gakuen University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Okamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Dong-Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakuno Gakuen University","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140083","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0083","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in humans, livestock and the wider environment","volume":"370","author":"Woolhouse M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Woolhouse M., , Ward M., , van Bunnik B., , and Farrar J.. 2015. Antimicrobial resistance in humans, livestock and the wider environment. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci., 370:20140083.","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150910162526005","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b02566","article-title":"Role of the environment in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance to humans: a review","volume":"49","author":"Huijbers P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huijbers P., , Blaak H., , de Jong M.C.M., , Graat E.A.M., , C.Vandenbroucke-Grauls M.J.E., , and De Roda Husman A.M.. 2015. Role of the environment in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance to humans: a review. Environ. Sci. Technol., 49:150910162526005.","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. 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Ingested Salmonella enterica, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes: transmission dynamics from adult house flies to their eggs and first filial (F1) generation adults. BMC Microbiol., 15:150.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005178","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005178","article-title":"Trans-generational immune priming protects the eggs only against gram-positive bacteria in the mealworm beetle","volume":"11","author":"Dubuffet A.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dubuffet A., , Zanchi C., , Boutet G., , Moreau J., , Teixeira M., , and Moret Y.. 2015. Trans-generational immune priming protects the eggs only against gram-positive bacteria in the mealworm beetle. 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