{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:28:18Z","timestamp":1777922898429,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A total of 50\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains were isolated from clinical samples from 2009 to 2012 and analyzed for the presence of virulence genes found in SPI-1, SPI-2, and plasmids. The distribution and frequency of the antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmids were revealed, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were investigated. Five genes were identified from the seven strains with resistance or intermediate resistance to ampicillin: blaSHV-1 (present in six strains), qnrS1 (present in five strains), blaTEM-1 (present in three strains), blaCTX-M-1 (present in one strain), and qnrB1 (present in one strain). One trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole-resistant strain was positive for sulI but negative for sulII. In addition, we detected TEM-1 and qnrS1 in one strain; SHV-1 and qnrS1 in two strains; TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-1, and qnrS1 in one strain; TEM-1, SHV-1, and qnrB1 in one strain; and SHV-1 and sulI genes in one strain together. Plasmid-based replicon typing assay revealed that all 50 strains carried FIIS, 13 carried I1, 1 carried I2, 4 carried P, 1 carried A\/C, and 4 carried X1 replicon. PFGE was used to type 46 of the 50 strains and classify them into 22 major groups, 33 pulsotypes, and 8 major clusters. All strains carried all the virulence genes of interest on both\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Pathogenicity Islands 1 and 2 and plasmids suggested high potential for pathogenicity. All antimicrobial-resistant strains contained at least one of the resistance genes of interest, confirming a phenotype\u2013genotype association in antimicrobial resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T16:07:10Z","timestamp":1529424430000},"page":"1475-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Analysis of Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance in\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Using Molecular Techniques and Identification of Clonal Relationships Among the Strains"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ozge","family":"Unlu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beykent University","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zerrin","family":"Aktas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamdi Murat","family":"Tugrul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trakya University","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2012.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance, virulence-associated genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from piglets with diarrhea in Korea","volume":"75","author":"Hur J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hur J., , Choi Y.Y., , Park J.H., , Jeon B.W., , Lee H.S., , and Kim A.R., , and Lee J.H.. 2011. Antimicrobial resistance, virulence-associated genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from piglets with diarrhea in Korea. Can. J. Vet. Res., 75:49\u201356.","journal-title":"Can. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","unstructured":"Threllfall O. 1998. Salmonella. In Topley & Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections. 9th ed. Arnold & Oxford University Press London and New York pp. 969\u2013997."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2009.362"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01411-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2005.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2007.06.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","volume-title":"Abstract no. FEMS-2993 presented at 6th Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS), Maastricht","author":"Unlu O.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Unlu O., , and Tugrul M.. 2015. Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical Salmonella Strains in Edirne, Turkey: Four Year Trend. Abstract no. FEMS-2993 presented at 6th Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS), Maastricht, the Netherlands, May 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq347"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01730-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0787"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650733"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2007-0464"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.1.1-7.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422726"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00606.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2005005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm204"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh070"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn470"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.9.2977-2981.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(90)90003-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010980715351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.7.2755-2761.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)88944-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.15.4652-4658.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00460-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-015-0174-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02491-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","first-page":"613","article-title":"Plasmid characterization and pulsed-field electrophoretic analysis demonstrate that ampicillin-resistant strains of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 6a are derived from Salm. enteritidis phage type 4","volume":"81","author":"Ridley A.M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ridley A.M., , Punia P., , Ward L.R., , Rowe B., , and Threlfall E.J.. 1996. Plasmid characterization and pulsed-field electrophoretic analysis demonstrate that ampicillin-resistant strains of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 6a are derived from Salm. enteritidis phage type 4. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 81:613\u2013618.","journal-title":"J. Appl. Bacteriol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Abstract presented at Turkish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (KL\u0130M\u0130K)","author":"Aktas Z.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aktas Z., , Kapmaz M., , Erdem F., , Abulaila A., , Yeniaras E., , and Oncul O.. 2016. The first NDM-1 carbapenemase producing IncI2, IncA\/C and IncY plasmid carrying Escherichia coli ST471 infection of Turkey. Abstract presented at Turkish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (KL\u0130M\u0130K). March 2016, Antalya, Turkey, p. 16."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02155-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00044"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.90675"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2010.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plasmid.2004.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-6496(03)00164-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","first-page":"e834598","article-title":"Strain-specific transfer of antimicrobial resistance from an environmental plasmid to foodborne pathogens","author":"Van Meervenne E.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Van Meervenne E., , Van Coillie E., , Kerckhof F.-M., , Devlieghere F., , Herman L., , and De Gelder L.S.P., , Top E.M., , and Boon N.. 2012. Strain-specific transfer of antimicrobial resistance from an environmental plasmid to foodborne pathogens. J. Biomed. Biotechnol., 2012:e834598.","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.22.4.716-717.1971"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01707-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/mge.19626"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05116-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq054"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.044461-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2005.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-97"}],"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:33:11Z","timestamp":1777667591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2018.0042","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]}}}