{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T04:35:02Z","timestamp":1784954102648,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Spread of Gram-negative bacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases constitutes a growing challenge in control of bacterial infections. In this study, prevalence and genetic characteristics of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    harboring ESBL and\/or carbapenemase genes, with other beta-lactamase\/resistance genes, were investigated for a total of 375 clinical isolates in Mymensingh located in north-central Bangladesh. The major ESBL gene was\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    group, which was detected in 33.9% and 51.4% of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively, with CTX-M-15 gene being dominant. SHV-type beta-lactamase genes, including newly identified alleles (SHV-201 and SHV-202) were detected at higher rate in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (27%). Nine isolates of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (3.9%) harbored carbapenemase genes;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    (phylogenetic group A-sequence type 2104 (A-ST2104), B2-ST73),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-5<\/jats:sub>\n                    (A-ST167, B2-ST38\/ST2659-related STs), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-7<\/jats:sub>\n                    (B1-ST101\/ST224, D-ST6682). AmpC beta-lactamase genes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CMY-42<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) were detected in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which mostly harbored\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aac6'-Ib-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qepA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">oqxAB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). A new CMY allele (CMY-160) belonging to CMY-2 group was identified in phylogenetic group D\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Among\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , carbapenemase gene was detected in three isolates (2%);\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    in ST11 and ST1322, and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA-181<\/jats:sub>\n                    in ST43 isolate. As well as higher rate of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aac6'-Ib-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (39%), PMQR gene\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">oqxAB<\/jats:italic>\n                    was also commonly found among isolates analyzed. These findings indicated spread of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub>\n                    genes to diverse\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    clones and emergence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA-181<\/jats:sub>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with increased prevalence of ESBLs represented by CTX-M-15 in Bangladesh.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]],"date-time":"2018-06-29T14:58:37Z","timestamp":1530284317000},"page":"1568-1579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Clinical Isolates of\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    Harboring Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Genes in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Emily Rahman","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiji Soe","family":"Aung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamal Kumar","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazia","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"Ahamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santana Rani","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangjukta","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mymensingh Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mustafizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Upazila Health Complex","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Chand","family":"Mahmud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"President Abdul Hamid Medical College","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Akram","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine","place":["Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Urushibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuyo","family":"Kawaguchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Sumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobumichi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01169-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70041-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: here is the storm! 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