{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:28:58Z","timestamp":1777922938690,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546992000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The use of antimicrobials in food animals is the major determinant for the propagation of resistant bacteria in the animal reservoir. Especially, parent stock (PS) produces thousands of eggs for commercial laying hens and can transfer a variety of viral and bacterial agents to chicks. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence and distribution of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)- and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the PS level of the layer operation system in Korea. A total of 591\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were tested in this study and resistance to the first-generation cephalosporins ranged from 60.0% to 71.1%, whereas the resistance to the second- and third-generation cephalosporins ranged from 18.3% to 28.9% and from 8.3% to 14.5%, respectively. Of the 65 third-generation cephalosporin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates, 51 (78.5%) showed multidrug resistance and 18 (27.7%) exhibited phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of ESBL\/pAmpC-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli.<\/jats:italic>\n                    With regard to ESBL\/pAmpC gene prevalence, only the CMY-2 gene was identified in all 18 ESBL\/pAmpC-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and two isolates possessed both the CMY-2 and TEM-1 genes. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of the 18 CMY-2-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates revealed four PFGE patterns from the same PS farm and flock and accorded both CMY-2 genes and antimicrobial resistance pattern. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and CMY-2-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolated at the layer PS level; our findings support the critical need for a comprehensive surveillance program to monitor the emergence and dissemination of third-generation cephalosporin resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T14:34:40Z","timestamp":1547044480000},"page":"462-468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Emergence of CMY-2-Producing\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    in Korean Layer Parent Stock"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kwang Won","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Bo","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Poultry TS Co., Ltd., Icheon, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-137-10-200211190-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00258"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.6.5.733"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2008.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1707.110209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03850.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/PMC.S14459"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01460-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03106-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vas.2016.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2012. National Poultry Improvement Plan and Auxiliary Provisions. APHIS Publication. 91-55-088."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1605(91)90148-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2013. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Third Informational Supplement M100-S23 vol. 33 no. 1. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2015. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated from Animals (VET01-S3). 3rd ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5715-5721.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.10.3156-3163.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.6.2153-2162.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2006.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 2015. 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. World Health Organization Essential Medicines and Health Products Geneva."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-53-52"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey127"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"1733","article-title":"Can the unauthorised use of ceftiofur be detected in poultry? Food Addit","volume":"30","author":"Heinrich K.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heinrich K., , Chan D., , Fussell R.J., , Kay J.F., , and Sharman M.. 2013. Can the unauthorised use of ceftiofur be detected in poultry? Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk Assess. 30:1733\u20131738.","journal-title":"Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk Assess"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1601.090729"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.120-a106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","unstructured":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA). 2015. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Program. Anyang Republic of Korea. Available at: http:\/\/ebook.qia.go.kr\/20160711_111219\/ (accessed January2 2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01285-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp168"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1610.10006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","first-page":"211","volume":"203","author":"Dame-Korevaar A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dame-Korevaar A., , Fischer E.A.J., , Stegeman A., , Mevius D., , van Essen-Zandbergen A., , Velkers F., , and van der Goot J.. 2017. Dynamics of CMY-2 producing E. coli in a broiler parent flock. Vet. Microbiol. 203:211\u2013214.","journal-title":"Dynamics of CMY-2 producing E. coli in a broiler parent flock. Vet. Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"230","article-title":"Resolution of recent evolutionary divergence among Escherichia coli from related lineages: the application of pulsed field electrophoresis to molecular epidemiology","volume":"61","author":"Arbeit R.D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arbeit R.D., , Arthur M., , Dunn R., , Kim C., , and Selander R.K.. 2018. Resolution of recent evolutionary divergence among Escherichia coli from related lineages: the application of pulsed field electrophoresis to molecular epidemiology. J. Infect. Dis. 61:230\u2013235.","journal-title":"J. Infect. 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