{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:29:19Z","timestamp":1777922959424,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical strains recovered from Al Thawra University Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 27 isolates showing decreased susceptibility to carbapenems were obtained from different clinical specimens in Al Thawra Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen. Strains were identified by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight spectroscopy. Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. Carbapenemases-encoding genes, extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBLs), and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were screened by PCR. Bacterial isolates were typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Carbapenemase genes detection and sequencing showed that 18 (66.7%) isolates were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NDM-1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913; NDM-1 + OXA-48,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093; OXA-48,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091; OXA-232,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), 6 (22.2%) were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NDM-5,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093; OXA-181,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092; OXA-48,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), and 3 (11.1%) were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NDM-1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091; OXA-181,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092). In addition the ESBL gene\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                      was detected in 14\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 2\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates, and the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CTX-M-216<\/jats:sub>\n                      was found in 1\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolate. Fifteen isolates were PMQR positive including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrS1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrS4<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aac-(6\u2019)-Ib-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097). The MLST typing showed a diversity of sequence type (ST) clones including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      ST410 (3), ST448 (2), and ST648;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ST78 and ST270; and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ST395 (2), ST309, ST23, ST35, ST1728, ST15, ST231, and ST1428.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study reports the first description of OXA-48-like-producing Enterobacteriaceae and NDM-5 enzymes in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      in Yemen.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T10:42:40Z","timestamp":1565347360000},"page":"211-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Clinical Isolates in Al Thawra University Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sameer Ahmed","family":"Alsharapy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia, Alg\u00e9rie."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Al Thawra University Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alima","family":"Gharout-Sait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia, Alg\u00e9rie."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anaelle","family":"Muggeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie-Virologie-Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re, CHU Reims, H\u00f4pital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France."},{"name":"Inserm UMR-S 1250 P3Cell, SFR CAP-Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Guillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie-Virologie-Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re, CHU Reims, H\u00f4pital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France."},{"name":"Inserm UMR-S 1250 P3Cell, SFR CAP-Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Cholley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire, Besan\u00e7on, France."},{"name":"UMR CNRS 6249, Chrono-Environnement, Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9, Besan\u00e7on, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucien","family":"Brasme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie-Virologie-Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re, CHU Reims, H\u00f4pital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France."},{"name":"Inserm UMR-S 1250 P3Cell, SFR CAP-Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire, Besan\u00e7on, France."},{"name":"UMR CNRS 6249, Chrono-Environnement, Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9, Besan\u00e7on, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghuzlan Saeed","family":"Moghram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Al Thawra University Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdelaziz","family":"Touati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia, Alg\u00e9rie."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"De Champs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie-Virologie-Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re, CHU Reims, H\u00f4pital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France."},{"name":"Inserm UMR-S 1250 P3Cell, SFR CAP-Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, 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