{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T20:11:47Z","timestamp":1779912707630,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    With the increasing emergence of drug resistance in enterococci, there have been very limited data on the efficacy of orally available nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin on enterococci causing urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly for multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This study aimed to determine the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    effectiveness of these two drugs against the MDR enterococci. A total of 514 phenotypically and genotypically confirmed isolates of enterococci (239, 46.5%\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 275, 53.5%\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) showed\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    as significantly more resistant (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) to ciprofloxacin and high strength gentamicin. Vancomycin resistance was seen in 37 (7.2%) isolates. Of these, 114 (22.18%) isolates (51, 44.73%\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 63, 55.26%\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were MDR. Nitrofurantoin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the MDR enterococci varied from 1 to 128\u2009\u03bcg\/mL (MIC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    8\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, MIC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    64\u2009\u03bcg\/mL for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), while fosfomycin MICs for the MDR\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , including vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) were in susceptible range (\u226464\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, MIC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    8\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, MIC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    16\u2009\u03bcg\/mL). An efficacy ratio of \u22658 for nitrofurantoin was observed in the 39 (76.5%) MDR\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 44 (69.8%) MDR\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates as against the 50 (98%)\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates for fosfomycin. Although nitrofurantoin has been widely prescribed for the treatment of UTIs for the past several years, it was still found to be active\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    against the urinary isolates of MDR enterococci, including VRE. As for fosfomycin, it holds robust potential to be used against the urinary MDR enterococci and VRE (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T17:46:16Z","timestamp":1575395176000},"page":"1509-1515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Susceptibility of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin Against Outpatient Urinary Isolates of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci over a Period of 10 Years from India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Arghya","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuhina","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shampa","family":"Anupurba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"Enterococcal infections and antimicrobial resistance","volume":"128","author":"Sood S.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sood S., , Malhotra M., , Das B.K., , and Kapil A.. 2008. 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