{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:55:13Z","timestamp":1790420113695,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                    serovar Dublin is a host-adapted serotype associated with typhoidal disease in cattle. While rare in humans, it usually causes severe illness, including bacteremia. In the United States,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Dublin has become one of the most multidrug-resistant (MDR) serotypes. To understand the genetic elements that are associated with virulence and resistance, we sequenced 61 isolates of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Dublin (49 from sick cattle and 12 from retail beef) using the Illumina MiSeq and closed 5 genomes using the PacBio sequencing platform. Genomic data of eight human isolates were also downloaded from NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) for comparative analysis. Fifteen\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogenicity islands (SPIs) and a\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">spv<\/jats:italic>\n                    operon (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">spvRABCD<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), which encodes important virulence factors, were identified in all 69 (100%) isolates. The 15 SPIs were located on the chromosome of the 5 closed genomes, with each of these isolates also carrying 1 or 2 plasmids with sizes between 36 and 329\u2009kb. Multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), including\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM-1B<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aadA12<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aph(3\u2032)-Ia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">aph(3\u2032)-Ic<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">strA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">strB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">floR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sul2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet(A)<\/jats:italic>\n                    , along with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">spv<\/jats:italic>\n                    operons were identified on these plasmids. Comprehensive antimicrobial resistance genotypes were determined, including 17 genes encoding resistance to 5 different classes of antimicrobials, and mutations in the housekeeping gene (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) associated with resistance or decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. Together these data revealed that this panel of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Dublin commonly carried 15 SPIs, MDR\/virulence plasmids, and ARGs against several classes of antimicrobials. Such genomic elements may make important contributions to the severity of disease and treatment failures in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Dublin infections in both humans and cattle.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T11:37:47Z","timestamp":1559302667000},"page":"1238-1249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Comparative Genomic Analysis of Virulence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Plasmid Profiles of\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Dublin Isolated from Sick Cattle, Retail Beef, and Humans in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chih-Hao","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"McDermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherry","family":"Ayers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory H.","family":"Tyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Tate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Allard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaohua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, 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