{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:29:30Z","timestamp":1777922970694,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"\n The clinical importance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n has increased steadily over the years. The presence of the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n TEM<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n , and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n genes in the environment has been recently recognized as an important issue in the dissemination of resistance to cephalosporins. Food animals are considered important vectors for transfer of ESBL genes from the environment to humans. The objective of this study was to characterize the ESBL genes (\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n TEM<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n , and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n types) that were most prevalent among 343 ceftazidime-resistant\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates (17 batches from 12 different farms) obtained from cloacal swabs of broiler chicken in southern Brazil. The\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n TEM<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n IMP-type<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n VIM-type<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n NDM-1<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n KPC-type<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n GES-type<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA-48<\/jats:sub>\n , and\n mcr<\/jats:italic>\n -1 genes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 27 (7.9%)\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were positive for ESBL genes as follows: 24 for\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n (23\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M-2<\/jats:sub>\n Group and 1\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M-8<\/jats:sub>\n ) and 3 for\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n (2\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV-2a<\/jats:sub>\n and 1\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n -18). A random sample of 32 ceftazidime\/cefotaxime-resistant isolates that were negative for ESBL genes were evaluated for the presence of\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n and 24 (75%) tested positive. We detected the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n gene in isolates from all farms. All isolates positive for ESBL or\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n are considered multidrug resistant (resistant to at least three antibiotic classes). Our results suggest that broiler chickens are an important reservoir of\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n and ESBL genes, including\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV-2a<\/jats:sub>\n , described for the first time in animals originating from Brazil in this study, and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n SHV<\/jats:sub>\n -18, which has never been described in Brazil before. This fact highlights the importance of controlling the use of antibiotics in animal production to reduce environmental sources of resistance genes.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]],"date-time":"2019-11-13T10:47:58Z","timestamp":1573642078000},"page":"531-535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High Levels of Resistance to Cephalosporins Associated with the Presence of Extended-Spectrum and AmpC \u03b2-Lactamases in\n Escherichia coli<\/i>\n from Broilers in Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Silvia Adriana Mayer","family":"Lentz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Microbiologia Agr\u00edcola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franciele Caroline","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Microbiologia Agr\u00edcola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula Marques","family":"Rivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordenadoria Geral de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara Neves","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordenadoria Geral de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vict\u00f3ria Martins Lima","family":"Cupertino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Microbiologia Agr\u00edcola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta Taufer","family":"Boff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Microbiologia Agr\u00edcola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda de Souza","family":"da Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Microbiologia Agr\u00edcola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priscila Lamb","family":"Wink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LABRESIS\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Resist\u00eancia Bacteriana, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afonso Lu\u00eds","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LABRESIS\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Resist\u00eancia Bacteriana, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreza Francisco","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Microbiologia Agr\u00edcola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4006","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2015.4006","article-title":"ECDC\/EFSA\/EMA first joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and foodproducing animals","volume":"13","author":"ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), and EMA (European Medicines Agency)","year":"2015","unstructured":"ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), and EMA (European Medicines Agency). 2015. ECDC\/EFSA\/EMA first joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and foodproducing animals. EFSA J. 13:4006\u20134120.","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01707-08"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2016.10.002","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil: focus on \u03b2-lactams and polymyxins","volume":"47","author":"Sampaio J.L.M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sampaio J.L.M., , and Gales A.C.. 2016. Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil: focus on \u03b2-lactams and polymyxins. Braz. J. Microbiol. 47,(Suppl 1)::31\u201337.","journal-title":"Braz. J. 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CLSI Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant, extensively drugresistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance","volume":"18","author":"Magiorakos A.P.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Magiorakos A.P., , Srinivasan A., , Carey R.B, , Carmeli Y., , Falagas M.E, , Giske C.G, , Harbarth S., , Hindler J.F, , Kahlmeter G., , Olsson-Liljequist B., , Paterson D.L, , Rice L.B, , Stelling J., , Struelens M.J, , Vatopoulos A., , Weber J.T, , and Monnet D.L.. 2012. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drugresistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 18:268\u2013281.","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. 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The occurrence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes in extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-positive strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis in Poland. Int. J. Antibiot. 935842:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Int. J. Antibiot"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr563","article-title":"Rapid detection of carbapenemase genes by multiplex real-time PCR","volume":"67","author":"Monteiro J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Monteiro J., , Widen R.H, , Pignatari A.C, , Kubasek C., , and Silbert S.. 2012. Rapid detection of carbapenemase genes by multiplex real-time PCR. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 67:906\u2013909.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. 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Characterization of blaSHV genes on plasmids from Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolates from Canadian food animals (2006\u20132007). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 79:3864\u20133866.","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.2008\/002774-0","article-title":"Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli producing CMY-2-type AmpC \u03b2-lactamase in Brazil","volume":"57","author":"Pavez M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pavez M., , Neves P., , Dropa M., , Matt\u00e9 M.H, , Grinbaum R.S, , Ara\u00fajo M.R.E, , Mamizuka E.M, , and Lincopan N.. 2008. Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli producing CMY-2-type AmpC \u03b2-lactamase in Brazil. J. Med. Microbiol. 57:1590\u20131592.","journal-title":"J. Med. 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J. Microbiol. 44:477\u2013480.","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0009-2015","article-title":"Distribution of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase types in a Brazilian tertiary hospital","volume":"48","author":"Nogueira K.S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nogueira K.S., , Conte D., , Maia F.V, , and Dalla-Costa L.M.. 2015. Distribution of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase types in a Brazilian tertiary hospital. Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 48:162\u2013169.","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","first-page":"e00411","volume":"3","author":"Xu F.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xu F., , Zeng X., , Hinenoya A., , and Lin J.. 2018. MCR-1 confers cross-resistance to bacitracin, a widely used in-feed antibiotic. mSphere, 3:e00411-18.","journal-title":"MCR-1 confers cross-resistance to bacitracin, a widely used in-feed antibiotic. mSphere"}],"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:35:19Z","timestamp":1777667719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2019.0050","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}}}