{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:30:32Z","timestamp":1777923032309,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The aim of the study was to characterize phenotypically and genotypically an uncommon mechanism of resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins (MLS) in a\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus milleri<\/jats:italic>\n                      group clinical isolate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The isolate UCN96 was recovered from an osteoradionecrosis wound, and was identified using the matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and the partial sequencing of the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sod<\/jats:italic>\n                      A gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing were carried out by the disk diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the broth microdilution technique. PCR screening was performed for MLS resistance genes described in Gram-positive bacteria. Specific mutations in the ribosomal proteins L3-, L4-, and L22-encoding genes were also screened and those in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rrl<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). The number of mutated copies of the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rrl<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was determined using amplification-refractory mutation system quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The clinical isolate UCN96 was unambiguously identified as\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus constellatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . It was susceptible to all macrolides and lincosamides (ML) antibiotics except spiramycin (MIC &gt;256\u2009mg\/L) while it was also resistant to streptogramins. Screening for all acquired resistance genes was negative and no mutation was found in genes coding for L3, L4, and L22 ribosomal proteins. Of interest, a single mutation, A2062C (according to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      numbering), was detected in the domain V of 23S rRNA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mutations at the position 2062 of 23S rRNA have been detected once in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and not yet in other\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. This mechanism is very likely uncommon in Gram-positive bacteria because different copies of 23S rRNA operons should be mutated for development of such a resistance pattern.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T14:47:46Z","timestamp":1581086866000},"page":"727-731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Paradoxical High-Level Spiramycin Resistance and Erythromycin Susceptibility due to 23S rRNA Mutation in\n                    <i>Streptococcus constellatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Agathe","family":"Capitaine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, UNICAEN, CHU de CAEN Normandie, Normandie University, Caen, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul-Louis","family":"Woerther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Assistance Publique\u2014H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Henri Mondor, Unit\u00e9 de Bact\u00e9riologie-Hygi\u00e8ne, Cr\u00e9teil, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Auzou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, UNICAEN, CHU de CAEN Normandie, Normandie University, Caen, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Chachaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Institut Gustave Roussy APHP, Villejuif, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Gu\u00e9rin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, UNICAEN, CHU de CAEN Normandie, Normandie University, Caen, France."},{"name":"UNICAEN\/UNIROUEN, EA2656 GRAM2.0, Normandie University, Caen, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Christophe","family":"Giard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAEN, EA4655 U2RM, Normandie University, Caen, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Cattoir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Site Pontchaillou, Rennes, France."},{"name":"CNR de la R\u00e9sistance aux Antibiotiques, Laboratoire Associ\u00e9 \u201cEnt\u00e9rocoques et R\u00e9sistances Particuli\u00e8res Chez les Bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 Gram Positif,\u201d Rennes, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Isnard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, UNICAEN, CHU de CAEN Normandie, Normandie University, Caen, France."},{"name":"UNICAEN\/UNIROUEN, EA2656 GRAM2.0, Normandie University, Caen, 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