{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:30:06Z","timestamp":1777923006795,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Although fluoroquinolones (FQs) are the backbone drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), the knowledge about the resistance pattern and molecular characterization of new-generation FQs in Chongqing is limited. This study aimed to investigate the resistance rate and mutation types of later-generation FQs against MDR-TB in Chongqing, and further to explore the relationship between different genotypes and phenotypes. A total of 967 clinical strains were characterized using multilocus sequence typing and drug susceptibility testing, followed by analysis of genotype\/phenotype association. The 229 (23.7%, 229\/967) isolates were identified as MDR-TB. The most effective agent against MDR-TB was gatifloxacin (GFX) (20.1%, 46\/229), and the highest resistant rate was observed in ofloxacin (OFX) (41.0%, 94\/229). Of the 190 strains (83.0%) identified as Beijing genotype, 111 isolates were modern Beijing genotype (58.4%) and 79 isolates were ancient Beijing genotype (41.6%). By analyzing 94 OFX-resistant isolates, 13 isolates were clustered with the cumulative clustering rate of 13.8% (13\/94). Of the 91 isolates (39.7%, 91\/229) with a mutation in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene, mutation in codon 94 was the most prevalent. Only 15 isolates (6.6%, 15\/229) harbored a mutation in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gyrB<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. There was no significant difference in the mutation rate of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene between Beijing and non-Beijing genotype, clustered isolates, and nonclustered isolates (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.05).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T09:17:08Z","timestamp":1607678228000},"page":"865-870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Genotyping and Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone's Resistance Among Multidrug-Resistant\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    in Southwest of China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiwen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daiyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Chongqing Tuberculosis Control Institute, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2018. 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Characterization of gyrA and gyrB mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Morocco. J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist. 12:171\u2013174.","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4563826","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of second-line drugs resistance among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Southwest of China","author":"Hu Y.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu Y., , Xu L., , He Y.L, , Pang Y., , Lu N., , Liu J., , Shen J., , Zhu D.M, , Feng X., , Wang Y.W, , and Yang C.. 2017. Prevalence and molecular characterization of second-line drugs resistance among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Southwest of China. Biomed. Res. Int. 2017:4563826.","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2015. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015. 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