{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:30:58Z","timestamp":1777923058970,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study investigated the bacterial colonization in patients admitted for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a specialized TB hospital. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200962) from nasal, groin, and rectal swabs [patient cohort (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200937)] were determined by the VITEK-MS system. Resistance gene analysis was by PCR and DNA sequencing. Molecular typing of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates was by Multilocus Sequencing Typing (MLST). Patients (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913\/37; 35%) were colonized by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (ESBL and MRSA) on admission. Of the 24 patients who were not colonized by MDR bacteria on admission, 46% (17\/37) became colonized by MDR bacteria within 1 month of admission, mostly with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales and resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. ESBL\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (41\/62; 66%) and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (14\/62; 23%) predominated. Genes encoding for ESBLs (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-14<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV-28<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA-1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXY-2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistant genes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB4<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB10<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were detected. MLST revealed genetic diversity among the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from hospitalized patients. This study provides insight into bacterial pathogen colonization in hospitalized TB patients with the first occurrence of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB4<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB10<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes and co-expression of genes:\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB4+aac(6\u2032)-lb-cr, qnrB10+aac(6\u2032)-lb-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB4+qnrS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qnrB10+qnrS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    in fluoroquinolone-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates within South Africa. However, the source and colonization routes of these isolates could not be determined.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T14:14:25Z","timestamp":1603116865000},"page":"691-697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spectrum of Bacterial Colonization in Patients Hospitalized for Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Dale","family":"Annear","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Razia","family":"Gaida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Utilization Research Unit (DURU), Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kierra","family":"Myburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Utilization Research Unit (DURU), Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Livingstone Hospital, Eastern Cape Department of Health, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilse","family":"Truter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Utilization Research Unit (DURU), Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Bamford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital Microbiology Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa."},{"name":"Division of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharlene","family":"Govender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.5664","article-title":"Hospital-acquired infections - when are hospitals legally liable? S","volume":"102","author":"McQuoid-Mason D.","year":"2012","unstructured":"McQuoid-Mason D. 2012. Hospital-acquired infections - when are hospitals legally liable? S. Afr. Med. J. 102:353\u2013354.","journal-title":"Afr. Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","first-page":"152","article-title":"Guideline for the managment of nosocomial infections in South Africa","volume":"21","author":"Brink A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brink A., , Feldman C., , Duse A., , Gopalan D., , Mer M., , Naicker S., , Paget G., , Perovic O., , and Richards G.. 2006. Guideline for the managment of nosocomial infections in South Africa. SA. J. Epidemiol. Infect. 21:152\u2013160.","journal-title":"SA. J. Epidemiol. Infect"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2017.v107i1.11431","article-title":"Surveillance of healthcare-associated infection in hospitalised South African children: which method performs best? S","volume":"107","author":"Dramowski A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dramowski A., , Cotton M., , and Whitelaw A.. 2017. Surveillance of healthcare-associated infection in hospitalised South African children: which method performs best? S. Afr. Med. J. 107:56\u201363.","journal-title":"Afr. Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.3573"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"277","article-title":"The antibiotic resistance crisis","volume":"40","author":"Ventola C.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ventola C. 2015. The antibiotic resistance crisis. Pharm. Ther. 40:277\u2013283.","journal-title":"Pharm. Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01009-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"ESBLs: a clear and present danger? Critic","volume":"20","author":"Dhillon R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dhillon R., , and Clark J.. 2011. ESBLs: a clear and present danger? Critic. Care Res. Pract. 20:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Care Res. Pract"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2006.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00110","article-title":"CTX-M enzymes: origin and diffusion","volume":"3","author":"Canton R.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Canton R., , Gonzalez J., , and Galan J.. 2012. CTX-M enzymes: origin and diffusion. Front. Microbiol. 3:1\u201319.","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.1-14.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709787581879"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00997-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2013.11.007","article-title":"Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: overview of a major public health challenge","volume":"44","author":"Nordmann, Nordmann, P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nordmann, Nordmann, P. 2013. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: overview of a major public health challenge. Med. Mal. Infect. 44:51\u201356.","journal-title":"Med. Mal. Infect"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.5789","article-title":"The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales in South Africa: risk factors for acquisition and prevention","volume":"102","author":"Brink A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brink A., , Coetzee J., , Clay C., , Corcoran C., , van Greune J., , Deetlefs J., , Nutt L., , Feldman C., , Richards G., , Nordmann P., , and Poirel L.. 2012. The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales in South Africa: risk factors for acquisition and prevention. S. Afr. Med. J. 102:1\u20132.","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"First report of IMI-2 carbapenemase producing Enterobacter clinical isolate in South Africa","volume":"30","author":"Gqunta K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gqunta K., , van Wyk J., , Ekermans P., , Bamford C., , Moodley C., , and Govender S.. 2015. First report of IMI-2 carbapenemase producing Enterobacter clinical isolate in South Africa. SA. J. Infect. Dis. 30:34\u201335.","journal-title":"SA. J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/23120053.2018.1469851","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in the South African public sector","volume":"33","author":"Perovic O.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perovic O., , Ismail H., , and Van Schalkwyk E.. 2018. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in the South African public sector. SAJID. 33:118\u2013129.","journal-title":"SAJID"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4178-4182.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","first-page":"32","article-title":"CLSI M100 S27:2017\u2014Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2017. CLSI M100 S27:2017\u2014Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. CLSI, Wayne,, USA, 32\u201339.","journal-title":"CLSI, Wayne,"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","author":"Priyadharsini R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Priyadharsini R., , Kavitha A., , Rajan R., , Mthavi S., , and Rajesh K.. 2011 Prevalence of blaCTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene in Enterobacteriales from critical care patients. J. Lab. Physicians. 3:80\u201383.","journal-title":"bla"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.1.88-95.2001","article-title":"Complexity and diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with extendedspectrum \u03b2-lactamases isolated in 1994 and 1996 at a teaching hospital in Durban, South Africa","volume":"45","author":"Essack S.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Essack S., , Hall L., , Pillay D., , McFadyen M., , and Livermore D.. 2001. Complexity and diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with extendedspectrum \u03b2-lactamases isolated in 1994 and 1996 at a teaching hospital in Durban, South Africa. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:88\u201395.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.6.1350"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl481","article-title":"Multiplex PCR for rapid detection of genes encoding acquired metallo-\u03b2-lactamases","volume":"59","author":"Ellington M.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ellington M., , Kistler J., , Livermore D., , and Woodford N.. 2007. Multiplex PCR for rapid detection of genes encoding acquired metallo-\u03b2-lactamases. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 59:321\u2013322.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110655","volume":"17","author":"Nordmann P.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nordmann P., , Naas T., , and Poirel L.. 2011. Global spread of Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriales. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 17:1791\u20131798.","journal-title":"Global spread of Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriales. Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks121"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01400-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","unstructured":"PasteurMLST. 2017. Klebsiella locus\/sequence definitions database. Available at http:\/\/bigsdb.pasteur.fr\/perl\/bigsdb\/bigsdb.pl?db=pubmlst_klebsiella_seqdef_public"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2015.v105i12.9926","article-title":"Molecular characterisation and epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of blaOXA-181 carbapenemase-producing isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in South Africa","volume":"105","author":"Jacobson R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jacobson R., , Manesen M., , Moodley C., , Smith M., , Williams S., , Nicol M., , Bamford C.. 2015. Molecular characterisation and epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of blaOXA-181 carbapenemase-producing isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in South Africa. S. Afr. Med. J. 105:1030\u20131035.","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"Struve C.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Struve C., , Roec C., , Stegger M., , Stahlhut S., , Hansen D., , David Engelthaler M., , Andersen P., , Driebe E., , Keim P., , and Krogfelt K.. 2015. Mapping the Evolution of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. mBio. 6:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Mapping the Evolution of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. mBio"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.4462","article-title":"Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among hospitalised patients with tuberculosis in rural KwaZulu-Natal","volume":"101","author":"Heysell S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Heysell S., , Shenoi S., , Catterick K., , Thomas T., , and Friedland G.. 2011. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among hospitalised patients with tuberculosis in rural KwaZulu-Natal. S. Afr. Med. J. 101:332\u2013334.","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00001-14","article-title":"Major Variation in MICs of Tigecycline in Gram-Negative Bacilli as a Function of Testing Method","volume":"52","author":"Marchaim D.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marchaim D., , Pogue J., , Tzuman O., , Hayakawa K., , Lephart P., , Salimnia H., , Painter T., , Zervos M., , Johnson L., , Perri M., , Hartman P., , Thyagarajan R., , Major S., , Goodell M., , Fakih M., , Washer L., , Newton D., , Malani A., , Wholehan J., , Mody L., , and Kayea K.. 2015. Major Variation in MICs of Tigecycline in Gram-Negative Bacilli as a Function of Testing Method. J. Clin. Microbiol. 52:1617\u20131621.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3453","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3453-3462.2005","article-title":"Six Groups of the OXY \u03b2-lactamase evolved over millions of years in Klebsiella oxytoca","volume":"49","author":"Fevre C.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fevre C., , Jbel M., , Passet V., , Weill F., , Grimont P., , and Brisse S.. 2005. Six Groups of the OXY \u03b2-lactamase evolved over millions of years in Klebsiella oxytoca. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:3453\u20133462.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3554","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.11.3554-3560.2003","article-title":"Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Isolates from Seven Countries: dominance and Widespread Prevalence of SHV- and CTX-M-Type \u03b2-Lactamases","volume":"47","author":"Paterson D.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Paterson D., , Hujer K., , Hujer A., , Yeiser B., , Bonomo M., , Rice L., , Bonomo R., and the International Klebsiella Study Group. 2003. Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Isolates from Seven Countries: dominance and Widespread Prevalence of SHV- and CTX-M-Type \u03b2-Lactamases. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47:3554\u20133560.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2003.08.010","article-title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from South Africa with multiple TEM, SHV and AmpC \u03b2-lactamases","volume":"23","author":"Essack S.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Essack S., , Hall L., , and Livermore D.. 2004. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from South Africa with multiple TEM, SHV and AmpC \u03b2-lactamases. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 23:398\u2013400.","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.11.011","article-title":"Characteristics of infections caused by extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase\u2013producing Escherichia coli from community hospitals in South Africa","volume":"69","author":"Peirano G.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peirano G., , C.van Greune, , and Pitout J.. 2011. Characteristics of infections caused by extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase\u2013producing Escherichia coli from community hospitals in South Africa. Diag Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 69:449\u2013453.","journal-title":"Diag Microbiol. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.02.254","article-title":"Epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing bacteria in stool from apparently healthy children, South Africa","volume":"45","author":"Kaba M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaba M., , Manenzhe R., , Moodley C., , Zar H., , and Nicol M.. 2016. Epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing bacteria in stool from apparently healthy children, South Africa. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 45:96.","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2017.v107i3.12111","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance patterns and beta-lactamase identification in Escherichia coli isolated from young children in rural Limpopo Province, South Africa: the MAL-ED cohort","volume":"107","author":"De Francesco A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Francesco A., , Tanih N., , Samie A., , Guerrant R., , and Bessong P.. 2017. Antibiotic resistance patterns and beta-lactamase identification in Escherichia coli isolated from young children in rural Limpopo Province, South Africa: the MAL-ED cohort. S. Afr. Med. J. 107:205\u2013214.","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-86","article-title":"Extended Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamases among Gram-negative bacteria of nosocomial origin from an Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary health facility in Tanzania","volume":"5","author":"Ndugulile F.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ndugulile F., , Jureen R., , Harthug S., , Urassa W., , and Langeland N.. 2005. Extended Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamases among Gram-negative bacteria of nosocomial origin from an Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary health facility in Tanzania. BMC Infect. Dis. 5:1\u20136.","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.161182","article-title":"Emergence of blaNDM-7\u2013producing Enterobacteriales in Gabon, 2016","volume":"23","author":"Moussounda M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moussounda M., , Diene S., , Dos Santos S., , Goudeau A., , Fran\u00e7ois P., , and van der Mee-Marquet N.. 2017. Emergence of blaNDM-7\u2013producing Enterobacteriales in Gabon, 2016. Emerg. Infect Dis. 23:356\u2013358.","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.10.006","article-title":"Characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ST131 isolates from Port Elizabeth","volume":"81","author":"Gqunta K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gqunta K., , and Govender S.. 2015. Characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ST131 isolates from Port Elizabeth. Diag. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 81:44\u201346.","journal-title":"Diag. Microbiol. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.034082-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.02.011","article-title":"Intrahospitalary dissemination of Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying blaDHA-1and qnrB4 genes within a novel complex class 1 integron","volume":"73","author":"P\u00e9rez-Moreno M.O.","year":"2012","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Moreno M.O., , Estepa V., , S\u00e1enz Y., , Cortell-Ortol\u00e1 M., , Fort-Gallifa I., , Ruiz J., , and Torres C.. 2012. Intrahospitalary dissemination of Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying blaDHA-1and qnrB4 genes within a novel complex class 1 integron. Diag. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 73:210\u2013211.","journal-title":"Diag. Microbiol. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01616-06","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant QnrB4 identified in France in an Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate coexpressing a QnrS1 determinant","volume":"51","author":"Cattoir V.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cattoir V., , Poirel L., , and Nordmann P.. 2007. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant QnrB4 identified in France in an Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate coexpressing a QnrS1 determinant. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51:2652\u20132653.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant food-borne Salmonella strains harboring multiple PMQR elements but not target gene mutations","volume":"5","author":"Lin D.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin D., , Chen K., , Wai-Chi Chan E., , and Chen S.. 2015. Increasing prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant food-borne Salmonella strains harboring multiple PMQR elements but not target gene mutations. Sci. Rep. 5:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"}],"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:37:36Z","timestamp":1777667856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2020.0073","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}}}