{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:50:45Z","timestamp":1790707845593,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Current antimicrobial treatment recommendations for melioidosis, the disease caused by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are largely based on studies of strains isolated from the Eastern Hemisphere (EH), where most human cases are identified and reported. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 26 strains in the CDC (Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention) collection from the Western Hemisphere (WH) isolated from 1960 to 2015. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were measured by standard broth microdilution for 16 antimicrobials following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Twenty-four of the 26 WH strains were susceptible to the six antimicrobials with CLSI-defined MIC susceptibility interpretive criteria for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    : amoxicillin\/clavulanate, ceftazidime, imipenem, doxycycline, tetracycline, and trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole. One WH strain demonstrated intermediate amoxicillin\/clavulanate resistance and another strain had intermediate resistance to tetracycline. For all antimicrobials tested, the susceptibility profiles of WH isolates were comparable with previously reported MIC results of EH strains. The overall similarities suggest that the same antimicrobials are useful for melioidosis treatment in both the WH and EH. Using\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    analyses of WH genomes, we identified a novel amino acid substitution P258S in the beta-lactamase PenA, which may contribute to decreased susceptibility to amoxicillin\/clavulanate in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2020.0362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T14:20:39Z","timestamp":1613053239000},"page":"1176-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Western Hemisphere Isolates of\n                    <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/i>\n                    : Phenotypic and Genomic Analyses"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Julia V.","family":"Bugrysheva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Lascols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather P.","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay E.","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mindy G.","family":"Elrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2015.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed3020060","article-title":"Melioidosis in South America","volume":"3","author":"Rolim D.B.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rolim D.B., , Lima R.X.R, , Ribeiro A.K.C, , Colares R.M, , Lima L.D.Q, , Rodriguez-Morales A.J, , Montufar F.E, , and Dance D.A.B. 2018. Melioidosis in South America. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 3:60.","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2307.161978","article-title":"Phylogeography of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates, Western Hemisphere","volume":"23","author":"Gee J.E.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gee J.E., , Gulvik C.A, , Elrod M.G, , Batra D., , Rowe L.A, , Sheth M., , and Hoffmaster A.R.. 2017. Phylogeography of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates, Western Hemisphere. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 23:1133\u20131138.","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.263"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0418","article-title":"Melioidosis is in the Americas: a call to action for diagnosing and treating the disease","volume":"99","author":"Torres A.G.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Torres A.G., , Montufar F.E, , Gee J.E, , Hoffmaster A.R, , Elrod M.G, , Duarte-Valderrama C., , Huertas M.G, , and Blaney D.D.. 2018. Melioidosis is in the Americas: a call to action for diagnosing and treating the disease. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 99:563\u2013564.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz008","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz008","article-title":"Misidentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and other Burkholderia species from pediatric infections in Mexico","volume":"6","author":"Meza-Radilla G.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meza-Radilla G., , Mendez-Canarios A., , Xicohtencatl-Cortes J., , Escobedo-Guerra M.R, , Torres A.G, , Ibarra J.A, , and Estrada-de Los Santos P.. 2019. Misidentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and other Burkholderia species from pediatric infections in Mexico. Open Forum Infect. Dis. 6:ofz008.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.10.4020-4025.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/121845"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3109\/00313027909061954","article-title":"An improved screening technique for isolation of Pseudomonas pseudomallei from clinical specimens","volume":"11","author":"Ashdown, L.R","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ashdown, L.R. 1979. An improved screening technique for isolation of Pseudomonas pseudomallei from clinical specimens. Pathology, 11:293\u2013297.","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15235","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015235","article-title":"Melioidosis, an emerging infectious disease in the Midwest Brazil: a case report","volume":"98","author":"Volpe-Chaves C.E.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Volpe-Chaves C.E., , Rodrigues A.C.S, , Lacerda M., , Oliveira C.T.F, , Castilho S.B, , Franciscato C., , Santos I.C.O, , Assef A., , Roever L., , Oliveira S., , and Paniago A.M.M. 2019. Melioidosis, an emerging infectious disease in the Midwest Brazil: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore), 98:e15235.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2508.170786","article-title":"Case series study of melioidosis, Colombia","volume":"25","author":"Rodriguez J.Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodriguez J.Y., , Morales-Lopez S.E, , Rodriguez G.J, , Alvarez-Moreno C.A, , Esquea K., , Pinzon H., , Ramirez L.R, , Moreno L., , Ocampo W., , and Cepeda M.L.. 2019. Case series study of melioidosis, Colombia. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 25:1531\u20131534.","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00334-4","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility of Burkholderia pseudomallei from tropical northern Australia and implications for therapy of melioidosis","volume":"17","author":"Jenney A.W.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jenney A.W., , Lum G., , Fisher D.A, , and Currie B.J.. 2001. Antibiotic susceptibility of Burkholderia pseudomallei from tropical northern Australia and implications for therapy of melioidosis. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 17:109\u2013113.","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.04.012","article-title":"Epidemiological cut-off value of clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Northern Queensland to meropenem, ceftazidime, trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline by the microbroth dilution method","volume":"10","author":"Maloney S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maloney S., , Engler C., , and Norton R.. 2017. Epidemiological cut-off value of clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Northern Queensland to meropenem, ceftazidime, trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline by the microbroth dilution method. J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist. 10:291\u2013294.","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. 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Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.01.003","article-title":"Burkholderia pseudomallei acquired ceftazidime resistance due to gene duplication and amplification","volume":"53","author":"Chirakul S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chirakul S., , Somprasong N., , Norris M.H, , Wuthiekanun V., , Chantratita N., , Tuanyok A., , and Schweizer H.P.. 2019. Burkholderia pseudomallei acquired ceftazidime resistance due to gene duplication and amplification. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 53:582\u2013588.","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2016.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","first-page":"e00356","volume":"8","author":"Viberg L.T.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Viberg L.T., , Sarovich D.S, , Kidd T.J, , Geake J.B, , Bell S.C, , Currie B.J, , and Price E.P.. 2017. Within-host evolution of Burkholderia pseudomallei during chronic infection of seven Australasian cystic fibrosis patients. mBio, 8:e00356-17.","journal-title":"Within-host evolution of Burkholderia pseudomallei during chronic infection of seven Australasian cystic fibrosis patients. mBio"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy069","article-title":"Raising the stakes: loss of efflux pump regulation decreases meropenem susceptibility in Burkholderia pseudomallei","volume":"67","author":"Sarovich D.S.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sarovich D.S., , Webb J.R, , Pitman M.C, , Viberg L.T, , Mayo M., , Baird R.W, , Robson J.M, , Currie B.J, , and Price E.P.. 2018. Raising the stakes: loss of efflux pump regulation decreases meropenem susceptibility in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Clin. Infect. Dis. 67:243\u2013250.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. 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Mechanisms of resistance to folate pathway inhibitors in Burkholderia pseudomallei: deviation from the Norm. mBio, 8:e01357-17.","journal-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to folate pathway inhibitors in Burkholderia pseudomallei: deviation from the Norm. mBio"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","first-page":"e00268","article-title":"Loss of methyltransferase function and increased efflux activity leads to doxycycline resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei","volume":"61","author":"Webb J.R.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Webb J.R., , Price E.P, , Currie B.J, , and Sarovich D.S.. 2017. Loss of methyltransferase function and increased efflux activity leads to doxycycline resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 61:e00268-17.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. 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