{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T04:21:04Z","timestamp":1780806064825,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Quinolone-resistant nontyphoidal\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      having serine replaced by isoleucine at the 83rd amino acid in GyrA (GyrA-Ser83Ile) has recently been found in Asian countries. In this study, we aimed to examine the direct effect of substitution Ser83Ile on DNA gyrase activity and\/or resistance to quinolones.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using 50% of the maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      s) of quinolones, recombinant wild type (WT) and seven mutant DNA gyrases having amino acid substitutions, including Ser83Ile, were screened for enzymatic activity that causes supercoils in relaxed plasmid DNA and resistance to quinolones.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Little differences in supercoiling activity were observed between WT and mutant DNA gyrases. By contrast, the IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      s of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin against GyrA-Ser83Ile\/GyrB-WT were 11.6 and 73.3\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, respectively, which were the highest used against the DNA gyrases examined in this study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ser83Ile in GyrA was shown to confer high-level quinolone resistance to DNA gyrases of nontyphoidal\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      , with no loss of supercoiling activity.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain carrying GyrA with Ser83Ile may emerge under a high-concentration pressure of quinolones and easily spread even with no selection bias by quinolones. Hence, avoiding the overuse of quinolones is needed to prevent the spread of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      with Ser83Ile in GyrA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2020.0437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T16:55:05Z","timestamp":1618937705000},"page":"1397-1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Amino Acid Substitution Ser83Ile in GyrA of DNA Gyrases Confers High-Level Quinolone Resistance to Nontyphoidal\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Without Loss of Supercoiling Activity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Koide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lai Lai","family":"San","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Naypyidaw, Myanmar."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruttana","family":"Pachanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Hoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Ouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siriporn","family":"Kongsoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuangfa","family":"Utrarachkij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chie","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."},{"name":"Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."},{"name":"Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-34"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","volume-title":"clones. 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