{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:32:09Z","timestamp":1777923129795,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a major skin bacterium, can cause opportunistic infections. Use of antimicrobial agents against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cutibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                    for acne treatment becomes a risk factor for emergence of antimicrobial-resistant skin bacteria. In this study, the impact of antimicrobial treatment of acne vulgaris on\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    antimicrobial resistance was assessed. A total of 344\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains isolated from patients with acne vulgaris who visited hospital (165 strains) and dermatological clinics (179 strains), respectively, were analyzed. Except for doxycycline, the resistance rates were higher in strains isolated from patients who had used antimicrobials for acne treatment than in those isolated from patients who had not used antimicrobials. The prevalence rates of strains with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    (C) from patients who used macrolides and clindamycin (hospital, 78.0%; clinics, 61.3%) and those of strains with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (M) from patients who used tetracyclines (hospital, 27.5%; clinics, 42.4%) were significantly higher than those of strains from patients who did not use antimicrobials (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). All strains with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    (A) (8\/8) and 91.7% strains with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm<\/jats:italic>\n                    (C) (156\/170) showed high-level resistance to macrolides and clindamycin (MIC \u2265256\u2009\u03bcg\/mL). Furthermore, almost all strains with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (M) showed resistance to minocycline. Our results showed that the use of antimicrobials for acne treatment may lead to an increased prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In particular, the emergence of minocycline-resistant strains with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (M) owing to the use of tetracyclines (doxycycline and minocycline) is a critical issue. Appropriate antimicrobial use for acne treatment may be an important strategy to prevent the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant skin bacteria.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2021.0319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T10:44:58Z","timestamp":1655721898000},"page":"861-866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Increased Prevalence of Minocycline-Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/i>\n                    with\n                    <i>tet<\/i>\n                    (M) by Tetracycline Use for Acne Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9205-3008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisuke","family":"Nakase","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juri","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Fukumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobukazu","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4710-7297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norihisa","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2889-8257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidemasa","family":"Nakaminami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2537"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60321-8","article-title":"Acne vulgaris","volume":"379","author":"Williams H.C.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Williams H.C., , Dellavalle R.P, , and Garner S.. 2012. Acne vulgaris. Lancet. 379:361\u2013372.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1000","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.25588.1","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding and managing acne","volume":"9","author":"Kurokawa I.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kurokawa I., , and Nakase K.. 2020. Recent advances in understanding and managing acne. F1000Res, 9:F1000.","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14355"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15397","article-title":"Characterization of acne patients carrying clindamycin-resistant Cutibacterium acnes: A Japanese multicenter study","volume":"47","author":"Nakase K.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakase K., , Aoki S., , Sei S., et al. 2020. Characterization of acne patients carrying clindamycin-resistant Cutibacterium acnes: A Japanese multicenter study. J. Dermatol. 47:863\u2013869.","journal-title":"J. Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13913","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and phylogenetic analysis of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from acne patients in Japan between 2013 and 2015","volume":"44","author":"Nakase K.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nakase K., , Hayashi N., , Akiyama Y., , Aoki S., , and Noguchi N.. 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility and phylogenetic analysis of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from acne patients in Japan between 2013 and 2015. J. Dermatol. 44:1248\u20131254.","journal-title":"J. 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Current status of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with skin and soft tissue infections in Japan. J. Dermatol. 47:1280\u20131286.","journal-title":"J. Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt399","article-title":"Complete sequence of a multiresistance plasmid from a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ST5 isolated in a small animal clinic","volume":"69","author":"Weiss S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weiss S., , Kadlec K., , Fessler A.T, , and Schwarz S.. 2014. Complete sequence of a multiresistance plasmid from a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ST5 isolated in a small animal clinic. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 69:847\u2013859.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. 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