{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T14:24:58Z","timestamp":1778509498453,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the most common causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal diseases with high mortality rates. The aims of this study were to evaluate clonal complex (CC) changes of levofloxacin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (LRSP) strains and to investigate the relationship between levofloxacin resistance and pneumococcal serotypes. We analyzed the antimicrobial susceptibility of 145 LRSP strains to 18 antimicrobial agents and the quinolone resistance-determining region mutation. Multilocus sequence typing was performed to investigate the genetic relatedness among LRSP strains. Most LRSP strains (96.6%) were multidrug resistant and had simultaneous mutations in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">parC<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">parE<\/jats:italic>\n                    (91.7%). The serotypes 11A (44.1%) and 13 (14.5%) accounted for 58.6% of LRSP strains, and 32.0% were nonvaccine serotypes. Most LRSP strains were grouped as CC8279 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200983; 57.2%), CC189 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910; 6.9%), or CC320 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095; 3.4%). CC8279 was commonly combined with serotypes 11A and 13. There were numerous changes of serotype and CC accompanying the emergence and spread of LRSP. Continuous monitoring of changes in the serotype and sequence type of LRSP is required to follow the spread of LRSP for public health monitoring.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2021.0341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T17:47:33Z","timestamp":1648144053000},"page":"559-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characteristics of Clonal Complex Changes and Quinolone Resistance-Determining Region Mutations of Levofloxacin-Resistant\n                    <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Eun-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Si Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyu Ri","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3960-6969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Hwan","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.10.2759-2762.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2016.48.4.257"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406330"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.2008\/000505-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2018.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00157-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2016.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02951.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2015.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"6950482","article-title":"Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive and noninvasive pneumococcal diseases in Korea from 2008 to 2014","volume":"2016","author":"Kim S.H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim S.H., , Bae I.K, , Park D., et al. 2016. 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