{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:13:30Z","timestamp":1790144010091,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious threats to human and animal health. Evidence suggests that the overuse of antimicrobial agents in animal production has led to the emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant isolates. The objective of this study was to assess the rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    in calf feces and to characterize their resistance genes for antibiotics like beta-lactams and colistin, but also to determine their virulence genes. Fecal samples were collected from 100 diarrheic calves in the region of Bizerte, Tunisia. After isolation,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were screened for antimicrobial resistance against 21 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method. Characterization of \u03b2-lactamase genes and determination of associated resistance genes were performed by polymerase chain reaction. Among 71\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates, 26 (36.6%) strains were ESBL-producing. Most of these isolates were multidrug-resistant (92.3%) and the most prevalent beta-lactamase genes detected were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200926),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098), whereas only 1 isolate carried the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CMY<\/jats:sub>\n                    gene. In addition, resistance to carbapenems was detected in two isolates; one of them harbored both\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA-48<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>IMP<\/jats:sub>\n                    genes and the other isolate carried only the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>IMP<\/jats:sub>\n                    gene. Several resistance genes were identified for the first time in Tunisia from cases of diarrheic calves. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of detection and identification of carbapenem resistance genes and virulence genes from calves in North Africa. A high occurrence of antimicrobial resistance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    recovered from fecal samples of calves with diarrhea was observed, highlighting the need for prudent use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine to decrease the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria for both animals and humans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2022.0129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T09:32:14Z","timestamp":1674639134000},"page":"150-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["First Report of\n                    <i>OXA-48<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>IMP<\/i>\n                    Genes Among Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    Isolates from Diarrheic Calves in Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Asma","family":"Ben Haj Yahia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie."},{"name":"Laboratoire des Microorganismes et Biomol\u00e9cules Actives, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7180-6787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghassan","family":"Tayh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie."},{"name":"Laboratoire des Microorganismes et Biomol\u00e9cules Actives, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarrah","family":"Landolsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaa","family":"Maamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nejia","family":"Galai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbaida","family":"Landoulsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office des Terres Domaniales, Agrocombinat Ghezala, Mateur, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilia","family":"Messadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2015.00023","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of pathogenic Escherichia coli of calves and the role of calves as reservoirs for human pathogenic E. coli","volume":"5","author":"Kolenda R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kolenda R, , Burdukiewicz M, , Schierack P. 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