{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:11:15Z","timestamp":1790727075922,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of gram-negative bacteria (GNB) isolated in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) population, to assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and possible associated risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n All neonates admitted to the NICU of Abderrezak-Bouhara hospital (Skikda, Algeria) with a clinical diagnosis of neonatal infections from March to May 2019 were included in the study. The extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase\n (<\/jats:bold>\n ESBLs), plasmidic cephalosporinase (pAmpC), and carbapenemases genes were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. PCR amplification of\n oprD<\/jats:italic>\n among carbapenem-resistant\n Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n isolates was also performed. The clonal relatedness of the ESBLs isolates was studied using multilocus sequence typing\n (<\/jats:italic>\n MLST).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Among 148 clinical specimens, 36 (24.3%) GNB strains were isolated from urine (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200922), wound (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20098), stool (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093), and blood (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093) samples. The bacterial species identified were\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200913),\n Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20095),\n Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093),\n Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093),\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093),\n Proteus mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20091),\n P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20095), and\n Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093). PCR and sequencing showed that eleven\n Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>\n isolates harbored the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n gene, two\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates harbored the\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n gene, and three\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n isolates harbored both\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n and\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA-51<\/jats:sub>\n genes. Also, five strains of\n P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n were found to harbor mutations in the\n oprD<\/jats:italic>\n gene. MLST showed that the\n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n strains belonged to ST13 and ST189,\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n belonged to ST69, and\n E. cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n belonged to ST214. Different risk factors that could predict positive GNB cultures were found, including female sex, Apgar score <8 at 5\u2009min of life, enteral nutrition, antibiotic use, and extended length of hospitalization.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Our study highlights the importance of determining the epidemiology of pathogens causing neonatal infections, their sequence types (ST), and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns to address rapidly a correct antibiotic treatment regimen.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2022.0254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T16:12:48Z","timestamp":1677082368000},"page":"229-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Antimicrobial Resistance Among Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit at Abderrezak-Bouhara Hospital of Skikda, Algeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Asma","family":"Labid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Interactions, Biodiversity, Ecosystems, and Biotechnology, Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University 20 August 1955, Skikda, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Benouagueni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Mehainaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djamila","family":"Gacemi Kirane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelaziz","family":"Touati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0251810","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251810","article-title":"Intense intestinal carriage and subsequent acquisition of multidrug-resistant enterobacteria in neonatal intensive care unit in Morocco","volume":"16","author":"Arhoune B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arhoune B, , El Fakir S, , Himri S, et al. 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