{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:32:58Z","timestamp":1777923178726,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is one of the most common bacterial pathogens, often asymptomatically colonizing healthy people, but capable of causing fatal disease. The ability to treat\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections is limited by the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant strains. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    carriage among students from Okada, Edo State, Nigeria, to analyze the antibiotic resistance patterns and molecular characteristics of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates. One hundred healthy students from Okada, Nigeria, were tested for nasal colonization by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods. The susceptibilities of the isolates to a panel of 22 antimicrobials were tested.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">spa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and staphylococcal cassette chromosome\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mec<\/jats:italic>\n                    typing were performed. The prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA) among the students was 23% and 6%, respectively. Of the six (26.1%; 6\/23) MRSA isolates detected, CC88-MRSA-IVa (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092) and CC7-MRSA-V (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092) were the most frequent clones. The CC7-MRSA-V isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. Overall, resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides was detected among the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and MRSA isolates. The high prevalence of MRSA and methicillin-susceptible isolates with resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes observed among the students is an alarming finding. This study indicated the circulation of resistant clones of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Nigerian educational institutions and the community.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2023.0001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T12:30:31Z","timestamp":1694781031000},"page":"516-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["High Frequency of Methicillin-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Strains of\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Colonizing Students in Okada, Edo State, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Maureen Uchechukwu","family":"Okwu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences (Microbiology), College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augustine Obhioze","family":"Akpoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences (Microbiology), College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olley","family":"Mitsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osazee Ekundayo","family":"Izevbuwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences (Microbiology), College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Osamede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences (Microbiology), College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Tkadlec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12690"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00134-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.12.126"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00214-8","article-title":"Community-associated Staphylococcus aureus from Sub-Saharan Africa and Germany: A cross-sectional geographic correlation study","volume":"7","author":"Ruffing U","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ruffing U, , Alabi A, , Kazimoto T, et al. Community-associated Staphylococcus aureus from Sub-Saharan Africa and Germany: A cross-sectional geographic correlation study. Sci Rep, 2017; 7:154; doi: 10.1038\/s41598-017-00214-8.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/microbiol.2019.2.117"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00081-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00020-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.03.010","article-title":"Current methodologies on genotyping for nosocomial pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)","volume":"107","author":"Miao J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miao J, , Chen L, , Wang J, et al. Current methodologies on genotyping for nosocomial pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Microb Pathog, 2017; 107:17\u201328; doi: 10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.03.010.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.12.030","article-title":"Genetics of bi-component leukocidin and drug resistance in nasal and clinical Staphylococcus aureus in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"115","author":"Enwuru NV","year":"2018","unstructured":"Enwuru NV, , Adesida SA, , Enwuru CA, et al. Genetics of bi-component leukocidin and drug resistance in nasal and clinical Staphylococcus aureus in Lagos, Nigeria. Microb Pathog, 2018; 115:1\u20137; doi: 10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.12.030.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e68721","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068721","article-title":"Characterization of colonizing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from surgical wards' patients in a Nigerian university hospital","volume":"8","author":"Kolawole DO","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kolawole DO, , Adeyanju A, , Schaumburg F, et al. Characterization of colonizing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from surgical wards' patients in a Nigerian university hospital. 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