{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T06:56:12Z","timestamp":1781592972431,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Biofilm production in nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria influences drug resistance. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of different antibiotics on biofilm eradication of clinical isolates of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Achromobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Stenotrophomonas maltophilia<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical isolates were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization\u2013time of flight\u00a0mass spectrometry in a third-level hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. Crystal violet staining was used to determine biofilm production. Drug susceptibility testing was determined by broth microdilution in planktonic cells and biofilm cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Resistance in planktonic cells was moderate to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and low to chloramphenicol, minocycline, levofloxacin (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. maltophilia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), ceftazidime, and meropenem (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Achromobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Biofilm eradication required higher drug concentrations of ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, levofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than planktonic cells (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Levofloxacin showed biofilm eradication activity in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. maltophilia,<\/jats:italic>\n                      minocycline and meropenem in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and meropenem in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Achromobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Drug resistance increased due to biofilm production for some antibiotics, particularly ceftazidime and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for all three pathogens, chloramphenicol for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. maltophilia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia,<\/jats:italic>\n                      and levofloxacin for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Some antibiotics could be used for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections in our population, such as levofloxacin for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. maltophilia,<\/jats:italic>\n                      minocycline and meropenem for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and meropenem for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Achromobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2023.0301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T19:51:05Z","timestamp":1721418665000},"page":"354-362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Drug Resistance in Biofilm and Planktonic Cells of\n                    <i>Achromobacter<\/i>\n                    spp.,\n                    <i>Burkholderia<\/i>\n                    spp., and\n                    <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia<\/i>\n                    Clinical Isolates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Edeer Iv\u00e1n","family":"Montoya-Hinojosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Avenida Pedro de Alba, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza, Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Licet","family":"Villarreal-Trevi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Avenida Pedro de Alba, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza, Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Bocanegra-Ibarias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez\u201d and School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Avenida Madero S\/N esq Avenida Gonzalitos, Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Camacho-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez\u201d and School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Avenida Madero S\/N esq Avenida Gonzalitos, Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1259-7425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Flores-Trevi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. 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