{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T08:02:40Z","timestamp":1779696160394,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Indians from a low-income community and evaluated the relationship between physical behavior patterns and anthropometric measures and the presence of MetS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The modified WHO STEPS questionnaire was used to collect data from a randomized sample of 1154 subjects from the Indian community of Phoenix, Durban. MetS was classified according to the harmonized criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median age of the sample was 47 (37\u201355) years, and 72% were predominantly females. There was a high prevalence of elevated body mass index (BMI) in 757 subjects (66%), which increased to 901 subjects (82%) when the ethnic-specific Asian cutoff (BMI \u226523) was applied. Overall increase in waist circumferences was noted from 60% to 79% when ethnic cutoffs were applied. Vigorous exercise was associated with a significant decrease in waist and BMI measurements (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The prevalence of MetS increased from 30% and 57% (NCEP) to 45% and 60% in males and females, respectively, when the harmonized criteria (IDF and WHO) were applied. Fasting insulin and total cholesterol emerged as independent determinants of MetS for both genders. Neck circumference and HbA1c were also significant predictors of MetS in males. In females, midarm circumference (IDF\/WHO) and HbA1c (modified NCEP) emerged as additional predictors of MetS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was a high prevalence of obesity and MetS in this sample, related to sedentary behavior patterns. Neck and arm circumferences as well as total cholesterol may also serve as screening measures to increase the detection rate of MetS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2015.0072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T15:45:28Z","timestamp":1453736728000},"page":"102-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Relationship of Body Anthropometry with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Random Community Sample: The Phoenix Lifestyle Project"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yajna","family":"Duki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kwazulu-Natal","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Datshana P.","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kwazulu-Natal","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control","author":"Mendis S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mendis S, , Puska P, , Norrving B. 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Consensus statement for diagnosis of obesity, abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome for Asian Indians and recommendations for physical activity, medical and surgical management. J Assoc Physicians India, 2009; 57:163\u2013170.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.11.7992"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28757"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","volume-title":"Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications","author":"Consultation W","year":"1999","unstructured":"Consultation W. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Geneva: World Health Organisation, Surveillance DoND; 1999."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","unstructured":"The IDF Concensus Worldwide Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome.. International Diabetes Federation;. 2006. Accessed at www.idf.org\/metabolic-syndrome on January 20 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription","author":"American, College, of, Sports, Medicine","year":"2006","unstructured":"American, College, of, Sports, Medicine. ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2006:55\u201363.","journal-title":"Lippincott Williams and Wilkins"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome (Ms) among adults in urban slums\u2014A cross section study in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India","volume":"2","author":"Lavanya KM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lavanya KM, , Thomas V, , Roa M, et al. Metabolic syndrome (Ms) among adults in urban slums\u2014A cross section study in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. 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Frequency of the metabolic syndrome in screened South African corporate executives. Cardiovasc J S Afr, 2007; 18:30\u201333.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J S Afr"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-985394"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079902125000624"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"228","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in young Asian Indian patients with myocardial infarction","volume":"18","author":"Ranjith N","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ranjith N, , Pegoraro RJ, , Naidoo DP, et al. Metabolic syndrome in young Asian Indian patients with myocardial infarction. 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