{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:25:27Z","timestamp":1788445527163,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effects of endurance training on adipose insulin sensitivity in association with body composition, circulating adipokines, and markers of inflammation have been studied less in young Asian subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adipose insulin sensitivity\/resistance was compared between 170 female Japanese collegiate athletes and 311 nonathletes (18\u201324 years), who underwent measurements of serum adipokines, markers of insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Two separate subsamples of two groups of women underwent either a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test or a standardized meal test, but not both.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As compared with nonathletes, athletes, characterized by higher skeletal muscle mass and lower percentage of body fat (both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), had lower adipose insulin resistance (IR) (a product of fasting insulin and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) and lower leptin\/adiponectin ratio (both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Although athletes had lower postmeal\/postglucose insulinemia (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009 and 0.01, respectively), the two groups did not differ in postmeal percentage NEFA suppression and postmeal\/postglucose glycemia, suggesting increased insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, respectively. Serum leptin (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01) were lower in athletes, whereas adiponectin and homeostasis model assessment IR did not differ.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endurance training was associated with increased insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue as well as skeletal muscle without changes in circulating adiponectin even in young, normal-weight Japanese women.<\/jats:p>\n                  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