{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:40:08Z","timestamp":1777923608668,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,29]],"date-time":"2018-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Despite the benefits of aerobic exercise on body composition, runners with high body mass index (BMI) remain understudied. We examined body composition differences between sedentary insulin-resistant [obese insulin-resistant sedentary (OS-IR)], sedentary insulin-sensitive [obese insulin-sensitive sedentary (OS-IS)], and trained [obese trained (OT)] individuals with high BMI (\u226525\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). We hypothesized that after matching for high BMI, OT individuals would have less fat mass (absolute and relative) and greater lean mass than OS-IR or OS-IS individuals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective analysis of OS-IR, OS-IS, and OT participants selected for similar age, sex, and BMI. Activity was self-reported. OT participants exercised at least 30\u2009min\/day (predominantly running) for 3\u20135 days\/week. OS-IS and OS-IR participants actively exercised &lt;0.5\u2009hr\/week. Body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-three participants were recruited [\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200911\/group, mean age 31.7 years (standard error): (0.9)], 7 females\/group, overall BMI [31.6\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (0.7)]. Insulin resistance, quantified by the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, was higher in the OS-IR [3.3 (0.2)] than the OS-IS [0.9 (0.2):\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001] or OT [1.6 (0.2):\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001] groups. We found the following: (i) Compared to the OS-IR group, the OT group had lower region-specific fat mass as measured by percent fat (trunk) or absolute fat mass (trunk, android region, and abdominal visceral region). (ii) OT and OS-IS groups had similar body composition. (iii) Total fat mass and percent body fat correlated with BMI, (iv) Visceral fat correlated with BMI (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.80,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) only in the OS-IR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03 for BMI\u2009\u00d7\u2009group interaction).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using BMI to classify obesity masks body composition differences in high BMI individuals discrepant for insulin resistance and physical activity status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2018.0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T11:51:46Z","timestamp":1534852306000},"page":"483-489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High Body Mass Index Masks Body Composition Differences in Physically Active Versus Sedentary Participants"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Santi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler A.","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Bantle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Alvear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James S.","family":"Hodges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald R.","family":"Dengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa S.","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"CDC. 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