{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:48:05Z","timestamp":1777924085827,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) from blast injury is often complicated by hemorrhagic shock (HS) in victims of terrorist attacks. Most studies of HS after experimental TBI have focused on intracranial pressure; few have explored the effect of HS on neuronal death after TBI, and none have been done in mice. We hypothesized that neuronal death in CA1 hippocampus would be exacerbated by HS after experimental TBI. C57BL6J male mice were anesthetized with isoflurane, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was monitored, and controlled cortical impact (CCI) delivered to the left parietal cortex followed by continued anesthesia (CCI-only), or either 60 or 90 min of volume-controlled HS. Parallel 60- or 90-min HS-only groups were also studied. After HS (\u00b1CCI), 6% hetastarch was used targeting MAP of \u226550\u2009mm Hg during a 30-min\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pre-Hospital<\/jats:italic>\n                    resuscitation phase. Then, shed blood was re-infused, and hetastarch was given targeting MAP of \u226560\u2009mm Hg during a 30-min\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Definitive Care<\/jats:italic>\n                    phase. Neurological injury was evaluated at 24\u2009h (fluorojade C) or 7 days (CA1 and CA3 hippocampal neuron counts). HS reduced MAP to 30\u201340\u2009mm Hg in all groups, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 versus CCI-only. Ipsilateral CA1 neuron counts in the 90-min CCI+HS group were reduced at 16.5\u2009\u00b1\u200914.1 versus 30.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.8, 32.3\u2009\u00b1\u20097.6, 30.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2, 28.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2 neurons\/100\u2009\u03bcm in CCI-only, 60-min HS-only, 90-min HS-only, and 60-min CCI+HS, respectively, all p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05. CA3 neuron counts did not differ between groups. Fluorojade C staining confirmed neurodegeneration in CA1 in the 90-min CCI+HS group. Our data suggest a critical time window for exacerbation of neuronal death by HS after CCI and may have implications for blast injury victims in austere environments where definitive management is delayed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2008.0512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,10]],"date-time":"2008-09-10T09:10:20Z","timestamp":1221037820000},"page":"889-899","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Hemorrhagic Shock after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice: Effect on Neuronal Death"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Alia Marie","family":"Dennis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Lee","family":"Haselkorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent A.","family":"Vagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Garman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultants in Veterinary Pathology, Inc."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keri","family":"Janesko-Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00fclya","family":"Bay\u0131r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert S.B.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry W.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Edward","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Kochanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2008.0512","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2008.0512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:09:53Z","timestamp":1777669793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/neu.2008.0512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neu.2008.0512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2008.0512","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-7151","1557-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-7151","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}