{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:20:53Z","timestamp":1790860853395,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hormonal dysfunction is a known consequence of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study we determined the incidence, time course, and clinical correlates of acute post-TBI gonadotroph and somatotroph dysfunction. Patients had daily measurement of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, estradiol, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) for up to 10 days post-injury. Values below the fifth percentile of a healthy cohort were considered abnormal, as were non-measurable growth hormone (GH) values. Outcome measures were frequency and time course of hormonal suppression, injury characteristics, and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score. The cohort consisted of 101 patients (82% males; mean age 35 years; Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score \u22648 in 87%). In men, 100% had at least one low testosterone value, and 93% of all values were low; in premenopausal women, 43% had at least one low estradiol value, and 39% of all values were low. Non-measurable GH levels occurred in 38% of patients, while low IGF-1 levels were observed in 77% of patients, but tended to normalize within 10 days. Multivariate analysis revealed associations of younger age with low FSH and low IGF-1, acute anemia with low IGF-1, and older age and higher body mass index (BMI) with low GH. Hormonal suppression was not predictive of GOS score. These results indicate that within 10 days of complicated mild, moderate, and severe TBI, testosterone suppression occurs in all men and estrogen suppression occurs in over 40% of women. Transient somatotroph suppression occurs in over 75% of patients. Although this acute neuroendocrine dysfunction may not be TBI-specific, low gonadal steroids, IGF-1, and GH may be important given their putative neuroprotective functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]],"date-time":"2010-03-09T08:38:41Z","timestamp":1268123921000},"page":"1007-1019","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Acute Gonadotroph and Somatotroph Hormonal Suppression after Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Justin","family":"Wagner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua R.","family":"Dusick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"McArthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pejman","family":"Cohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbor\u2013University of California\u2013Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Swerdloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbor\u2013University of California\u2013Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. John","family":"Boscardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California\u2013San Francisco Schools of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.10.974"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surveillance for traumatic brain injury deaths\u2014United States, 1989\u20131998","volume":"51","author":"Adekoya N.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adekoya N., , Thurman D.J., , White D.D., , Webb K.W. 2002. Surveillance for traumatic brain injury deaths\u2014United States, 1989\u20131998. MMWR Surveill. Summ., 51:1\u201314.","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02023.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199008000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015238102830"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/0897715041526203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/68.5.486"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000325870.60129.6a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2847"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0269905021000013183"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063110-199606000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900223"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199302000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198809000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Thyroid function in severely traumatized patients with or without head injury","volume":"117","author":"Chiolero R.L.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chiolero R.L., , Lemarchand-Beraud T., , Schutz Y., , De Tribolet N., , Bayer-Berger M., , Freeman J. 1988b. Thyroid function in severely traumatized patients with or without head injury. Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh.), 117:80\u201386.","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh.)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Testosterone induces neuroprotection from oxidative stress. Effects on catalase activity and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine incorporation into alpha-tubulin in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line","volume":"144","author":"Chisu V.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chisu V., , Manca P., , Lepore G., , Gadau S., , Zedda M., , Farina V. 2006. Testosterone induces neuroprotection from oxidative stress. Effects on catalase activity and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine incorporation into alpha-tubulin in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Arch. Ital. Biol., 144:63\u201373.","journal-title":"Arch. Ital. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.771"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000181735.51183.A7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1999.16.927"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02740625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199808000-00030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/NCC:3:3:224"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2257-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.73.5.0688"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.49.5.0650"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Serum androgen concentrations in young men: a longitudinal analysis of associations with age, obesity, and race. The CARDIA male hormone study","volume":"11","author":"Gapstur S.M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gapstur S.M., , Gann P.H., , Kopp P., , Colangelo L., , Longcope C., , Liu K. 2002. Serum androgen concentrations in young men: a longitudinal analysis of associations with age, obesity, and race. The CARDIA male hormone study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 11:1041\u20131047.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)90964-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","volume-title":"Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","author":"Gilman A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gilman A., , Goodman L., , Gilman A. 1980. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Macmillan: New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WCB.0000089833.23606.7F"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01708405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1470333"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"The effects of growth hormone and sex steroid on lean body mass, fat mass, muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance and adverse events in healthy elderly women and men","volume":"60","author":"Harman S.M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Harman S.M., , Blackman M.R. 2003. The effects of growth hormone and sex steroid on lean body mass, fat mass, muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance and adverse events in healthy elderly women and men. Horm. Res., 60:121\u2013124.","journal-title":"Horm. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/80.15.1198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1019245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5279-04.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Electroencephalographic burst suppression by propofol infusion in humans: hemodynamic consequences","volume":"77","author":"Illievich U.M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Illievich U.M., , Petricek W., , Schramm W., , Weindlmayr-Goettel M., , Czech T., , Spiss C.K. 1993. Electroencephalographic burst suppression by propofol infusion in humans: hemodynamic consequences. Anesth. Analg., 77:155\u2013160.","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)92830-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.03.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/08977150260190456"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.6.1042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.23.928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2008.0601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02860.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02931.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2003.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059409151009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","first-page":"477","article-title":"Pituitary-thyroid function in patients with septic shock and its relation with outcome","volume":"2","author":"Leon-Sanz M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Leon-Sanz M., , Lorente J.A., , Larrodera L., , Ros P., , Alvarez J., , Esteban A.E., , Landin L. 1997. Pituitary-thyroid function in patients with septic shock and its relation with outcome. Eur. J. Med. Res., 2:477\u2013482.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13"},{"issue":"89","key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Clinical trials in traumatic brain injury: current problems and future solutions","author":"Maas A. I.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maas A. I., , Marmarou A., , Murray G.D., , Steyerberg E.W. 2004. Clinical trials in traumatic brain injury: current problems and future solutions. Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 89:113\u2013118.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0902-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/sup.1991.75.1s.0s59"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/sup.1991.75.1s.0s28"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/sup.1991.75.1s.0s14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1978.03290050029011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030144"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089771502753754037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029200100303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03318.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2005.103.5.0812"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1933"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.106.000281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-2002-00199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.08.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2001.00253.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2000.17.1155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200106000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19981201)54:5<707::AID-JNR16>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00109-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2000-s623"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690050004525"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:21:1:43"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02303.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1981.03310260021020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_1","first-page":"2647","article-title":"Effect of testosterone treatment on body composition and muscle strength in men over 65 years of age","volume":"84","author":"Snyder P.J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Snyder P.J., , Peachey H., , Hannoush P., , Berlin J.A., , Loh L., , Lenrow D.A., , Holmes J.H., , Dlewati A., , Santanna J., , Rosen C.J., , Strom B.L. 1999. Effect of testosterone treatment on body composition and muscle strength in men over 65 years of age. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 84:2647\u20132653.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2005.22.345"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1363849031000095279"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01821-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909093411102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91639-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Posttraumatic diffuse cerebral lesions. Relationship between clinical course, CT findings and ICP","volume":"35","author":"Tomei G.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Tomei G., , Sganzerla E., , Spagnoli D., , Guerra P., , Lucarini C., , Gaini S.M., , Villani R. 1991. Posttraumatic diffuse cerebral lesions. Relationship between clinical course, CT findings and ICP. J. Neurosurg. Sci., 35:61\u201375.","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.8.1666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199609000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_1","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Growth hormone secretion in critical illness: effect of dopamine","volume":"79","author":"Van den Berghe G.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Van den Berghe G., , De Zegher F., , Lauwers P., , Veldhuis J.D. 1994. Growth hormone secretion in critical illness: effect of dopamine. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 79:1141\u20131146.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_1","first-page":"590","article-title":"The somatotropic axis in critical illness: effect of continuous growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and GH-releasing peptide-2 infusion","volume":"82","author":"Van den Berghe G.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Van den Berghe G., , De Zegher F., , Veldhuis J.D., , Wouters P., , Awouters M., , Verbruggen W., , Schetz M., , Verwaest C., , Lauwers P., , Bouillon R., , Bowers C.Y. 1997. The somatotropic axis in critical illness: effect of continuous growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and GH-releasing peptide-2 infusion. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82:590\u2013599.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(03)00005-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_1","first-page":"3217","article-title":"Five-day pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration unveils combined hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal defects underlying profound hypoandrogenism in men with prolonged critical illness","volume":"86","author":"Van den Berghe G.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Van den Berghe G., , Weekers F., , Baxter R.C., , Wouters P., , Iranmanesh A., , Bouillon R., , Veldhuis J.D. 2001. Five-day pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration unveils combined hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal defects underlying profound hypoandrogenism in men with prolonged critical illness. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86:3217\u20133226.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1988.tb09067.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/sup.1991.75.1s.0s37"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-60-3-444"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1986.tb01691.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90414-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.7.6754"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-14-06041.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0913-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20490"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/neu.2009.1092","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2009.1092","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2009.1092","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:11:44Z","timestamp":1777673504000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/neu.2009.1092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"references-count":101,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neu.2009.1092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2009.1092","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-7151","1557-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-7151","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}}}