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The sheaths of the donor nerve at the coaptation site were either left completely intact (group A) or they were breached by epineurial sutures (group B), an epineurial window (group C), or a perineurial window (group D). In group A, the compound action potential (CAP) of sensory axons was detected in \u223c10% and 40% of the recipient nerves at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, which was significantly less frequently than in group D at both recovery periods. In addition, the number of myelinated axons in the recipient nerve was significantly larger in group D than in other groups at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks, the number of axons in group A was only \u223c15% of the axon numbers in other groups (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05). Focal subepineurial degenerative changes in the donor nerves were only seen after 4 weeks, but not later. The average CAP area and the total number of myelinated axons in the donor nerves were not different among the experimental groups. In conclusion, myelinated sensory axons are able to penetrate the epiperineurium of donor nerves after end-to-side nerve coaption; however, their ingrowth into recipient nerves is significantly enhanced by breaching the epiperineurial sheets at the coaptation site. Breaching does not cause permanent injury to the donor nerve.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.2298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,8]],"date-time":"2012-08-08T12:30:52Z","timestamp":1344429052000},"page":"2805-2815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Influence of Breaching the Connective Sheaths of the Donor Nerve on Its Myelinated Sensory Axons and on Their Sprouting into the End-to-Side Coapted Nerve in the Rat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Uro\u0161","family":"Kova\u010di\u010d","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tilen","family":"\u017dele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Tom\u0161i\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janez","family":"Sketelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fajko F.","family":"Bajrovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.0165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2006.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-2007-00366"},{"issue":"108","key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"241","article-title":"Experimental and clinical employment of end-to-side coaptation: our experience","author":"Tos P.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tos P., , Geuna S., , Papalia I., , Conforti L.G., , Artiaco S., , Battiston B. 2011. 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