{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T08:19:29Z","timestamp":1788941969474,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]],"date-time":"2013-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study examined postconcussion symptom reporting within the first 5 years after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Participants were 167\u2009U.S. military service members (mean age, 27.6 years; 74.3% blast; 96.4% male) who were evaluated subsequent to injuries sustained in theater during Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom (92.8%) or from other combat-related operations. Participants completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist within 3 months of injury and at least one follow-up telephone interview at 6 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =46), 12 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =89), 24 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =54), 36 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =42), 48 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =30), and\/or 60 months (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =25) postinjury. Approximately half of the sample (49.7%) met\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition<\/jats:italic>\n                    (DSM-IV) symptom criteria for postconcussion disorder (PCD) at baseline. At all six follow-ups, 46.1\u201372.0% met DSM-IV criteria for PCD. However, only 20.4\u201348.0% reported persistent PCD from baseline to follow-up. A substantial minority had also improved (4.0\u201324.1%) or \u201cdeveloped\u201d new symptoms (16.9\u201327.8%). Using regression analyses, baseline symptoms were somewhat predictive of PCD symptom reporting at follow-up, though this was not always reliable. Follow-up for all service members who sustain a combat-related mTBI in the context of polytrauma, regardless of the presence or absence of symptom reporting in the acute recovery stage, should be considered the rule, not the exception.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]],"date-time":"2012-12-04T15:17:21Z","timestamp":1354634241000},"page":"958-969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Variable, Not Always Persistent, Postconcussion Symptoms after Mild TBI in U.S. Military Service Members: A Five-Year Cross-Sectional Outcome Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Rael T.","family":"Lange","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center"},{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center"},{"name":"University of British Columbia","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey A.","family":"Brickell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center"},{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Ivins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center"},{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney D.","family":"Vanderploeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center"},{"name":"James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital"},{"name":"University of South Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis M.","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center"},{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20100108-02"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.0885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2009.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/msj.20098"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040903266928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016907"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181c2993d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2009.01.0006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016809"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200609000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","unstructured":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. 2012. 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