{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T07:09:29Z","timestamp":1779433769544,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    During acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, blood is hemolyzed, which is followed by a significant cerebrovascular spasm resulting in a serious clinical condition. Interestingly, however, the direct vasomotor effect of perivascular hemolyzed blood (HB) has not yet been characterized, preventing the assessment of contribution of vasoconstrictor mechanisms deriving from brain tissue and\/or blood and development of possible treatments. We hypothesized that perivascular HB reduces the diameter of the cerebral arteries (i.e., basilar artery [BA]; middle cerebral artery [MCA]) by elevating vascular tissue [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    level. Vasomotor responses were measured by videomicroscopy and intracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    by the Fura2-AM ratiometric method. Adding HB to the vessel chamber reduced the diameter significantly (BA: from 264\u2009\u00b1\u20097 to 164\u2009\u00b1\u200911\u2009\u03bcm; MCA: from 185\u2009\u00b1\u200915 to 155\u2009\u00b1\u200914\u2009\u03bcm), which was reversed to control level by wash-out of HB. Potassium chloride (KCl), HB, serum, hemolyzed red blood cell (RBC), plasma, and platelet suspension (PLTs) elicited significant constrictions of isolated basilar arteries. There was a significant increase in K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    concentration in hemolyzed HB (7.02\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22\u2009mmol\/L) compared to Krebs' solution (6.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01\u2009mmol\/L). Before HB, acetylcholine (ACh), sodium-nitroprussid (SNP), nifedipin, and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    elicited substantial dilations in cerebral arteries. In contrast, in the presence of HB dilations to ACh, SNP decreased, but not to nifedipine and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . After washout of HB, nitric oxide\u2013mediated dilations remained significantly reduced compared to control. HB significantly increased the ratiometric Ca signal, which returned to control level after washout. In conclusion, perivascular hemolyzed blood elicits significant\u2014nifedipine and high CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reversible\u2014constrictions of isolated BAs and MCAs, primarily by increasing intracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , findings that can contribute to the refinement of local treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,28]],"date-time":"2016-03-28T17:50:39Z","timestamp":1459187439000},"page":"529-534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hemolyzed Blood Elicits a Calcium Antagonist and High CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Reversible Constriction via Elevation of [Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    ]\n                    <sub>i<\/sub>\n                    in Isolated Cerebral Arteries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Cseplo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"Petz Aladar County Teaching Hospital","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoltan","family":"Vamos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orsolya","family":"Torok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Ivic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Toth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Debrecen","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andras","family":"Buki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akos","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"University of Pecs","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"University of Physical Education","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"New York Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.531020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.4.595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000338747"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Cerebral autoregulation","volume":"2","author":"Paulson O.B.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Paulson O.B., , Strandgaard S., , and Edvinsson L. 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