{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:50:52Z","timestamp":1784307052302,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Risk factors for concussion in active-duty military service members are poorly understood. The present study examined the association between self-reported concussion history and genetics (apolipoprotein E [APOE], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], and D2 dopamine receptor genes [DRD2]), trait personality measures (impulsive-sensation seeking and trait aggression-hostility), and current alcohol use. The sample included 458 soldiers who were preparing to deploy for Operation Iraqi Freedom\/Operation Enduring Freedom. For those with the BDNF Met\/Met genotype, 57.9% (11\/19) had a history of one or more prior concussions, compared with 35.6% (154\/432) of those with other BDNF genotypes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.049, odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20092.48). APOE and DRD2 genotypes were not associated with risk for past concussions. Those with the BDNF Met\/Met genotype also reported greater aggression and hostility personality characteristics. When combined in a predictive model, prior military deployments, being male, and having the BDNF Met\/Met genotype were independently associated with increased lifetime history of concussions in active-duty soldiers. Replication in larger independent samples is necessary to have more confidence in both the positive and negative genetic associations reported in this study.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T01:43:22Z","timestamp":1468201402000},"page":"869-875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Genetics and Other Risk Factors for Past Concussions in Active-Duty Soldiers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Michael N.","family":"Dretsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory"},{"name":"Headquarters Army Training and Doctrine Command (HQ TRADOC)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Panenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Emmerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gogce","family":"Crynen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghania","family":"Ait-Ghezala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Chaytow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkat","family":"Mathura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona C.","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roskamp Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant L.","family":"Iverson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School"},{"name":"Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Home Base Program"},{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2007.0489"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-310500"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1005131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/gtmb.2013.0421"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/7.9.1511"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000078033.81925.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e3181fc0a81"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e31815c1d4c"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"172","article-title":"Prospective cohort study of the association of genetic polymorphisms and concussion risk and postconcussion neurocognitive deficits in college athletes (abstract)","volume":"22","author":"Terrell T.R.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Terrell T.R., , Bostick R.M., , and Barth J.T. 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