{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T07:09:26Z","timestamp":1779433766385,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to the increased rates of suicide and post-traumatic stress disorder in military personnel and veterans, and it is also associated with the risk for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. A cross-phenotype high-resolution polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PCS) was conducted in 845 U.S. Army soldiers who sustained TBI during their deployment. We used a prospective longitudinal survey of three brigade combat teams to assess deployment-acquired TBI and persistent physical, cognitive, and emotional PCS. PRS was derived from summary statistics of large genome-wide association studies of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder (MDD); and for years of schooling, college completion, childhood intelligence, infant head circumference (IHC), and adult intracranial volume. Although our study had more than 95% of statistical power to detect moderate-to-large effect sizes, no association was observed with neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, suggesting that persistent PCS does not share genetic components with these traits to a moderate-to-large degree. We observed a significant finding: subjects with high IHC PRS recovered better from cognitive\/emotional persistent PCS than the other individuals (R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.11%;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093.37\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). Enrichment analysis identified two significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to this result: GO:0050839\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u223cCell adhesion molecule binding<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098.9\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and GO:0050905\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u223cNeuromuscular process<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). In summary, our study indicated that the genetic predisposition to persistent PCS after TBI does not have substantial overlap with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, but mechanisms related to early brain growth may be involved.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]],"date-time":"2016-07-21T00:48:28Z","timestamp":1469062108000},"page":"781-789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Cross-Phenotype Polygenic Risk Score Analysis of Persistent Post-Concussive Symptoms in U.S. Army Soldiers with Deployment-Acquired Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Renato","family":"Polimanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Ursano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven G.","family":"Heeringa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew K.","family":"Nock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan W.","family":"Smoller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Gelernter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murray B.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"},{"name":"University of California"},{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Army STARRS Collaborators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.1093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4320"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3637"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2743"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2685"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-015-1215-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.2.JNS14503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"S359","article-title":"The pathophysiology of concussion","volume":"3","author":"Signoretti S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Signoretti S., , Lazzarino G., , Tavazzi B., , and Vagnozzi R. (2011). The pathophysiology of concussion. PM, R3, S359\u2013368.","journal-title":"PM"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh296"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617715001022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12263"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3431"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2016.72"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24335"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0346"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Prediction of breast cancer risk based on profiling with common genetic variants","author":"Mavaddat N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mavaddat N., , Pharoah P.D., , Michailidou K., , Tyrer J., , Brook M.N., , Bolla M.K., , Wang Q., , Dennis J., , Dunning A.M., , Shah M., , Luben R., , Brown J., , Bojesen S.E., , Nordestgaard B.G., , Nielsen S.F., , Flyger H., , Czene K., , Darabi H., , Eriksson M., , Peto J., , Dos-Santos-Silva I., , Dudbridge F., , Johnson N., , Schmidt M.K., , Broeks A., , Verhoef S., , Rutgers E.J., , Swerdlow A., , Ashworth A., , Orr N., , Schoemaker M.J., , Figueroa J., , Chanock S.J., , Brinton L., , Lissowska J., , Couch F.J., , Olson J.E., , Vachon C., , Pankratz V.S., , Lambrechts D., , Wildiers H., , Van Ongeval C., , van Limbergen E., , Kristensen V., , Grenaker Alnaes G., , Nord S., , Borresen-Dale A.L., , Nevanlinna H., , Muranen T.A., , Aittomaki K., , Blomqvist C., , Chang-Claude J., , Rudolph A., , Seibold P., , Flesch-Janys D., , Fasching P.A., , Haeberle L., , Ekici A.B., , Beckmann M.W., , Burwinkel B., , Marme F., , Schneeweiss A., , Sohn C., , Trentham-Dietz A., , Newcomb P., , Titus L., , Egan K.M., , Hunter D.J., , Lindstrom S., , Tamimi R.M., , Kraft P., , Rahman N., , Turnbull C., , Renwick A., , Seal S., , Li J., , Liu J., , Humphreys K., , Benitez J., , Pilar Zamora M., , Arias Perez J.I., , Menendez P., , Jakubowska A., , Lubinski J., , Jaworska-Bieniek K., , Durda K., , Bogdanova N.V., , Antonenkova N.N., , Dork T., , Anton-Culver H., , Neuhausen S.L., , Ziogas A., , Bernstein L., , Devilee P., , Tollenaar R.A., , Seynaeve C., , van Asperen C.J., , Cox A., , Cross S.S., , Reed M.W., , Khusnutdinova E., , Bermisheva M., , Prokofyeva D., , Takhirova Z., , Meindl A., , Schmutzler R.K., , Sutter C., , Yang R., , Schurmann P., , Bremer M., , Christiansen H., , Park-Simon T.W., , Hillemanns P., , Guenel P., , Truong T., , Menegaux F., , Sanchez M., , Radice P., , Peterlongo P., , Manoukian S., , Pensotti V., , Hopper J.L., , Tsimiklis H., , Apicella C., , Southey M.C., , Brauch H., , Bruning T., , Ko Y.D., , Sigurdson A.J., , Doody M.M., , Hamann U., , Torres D., , Ulmer H.U., , Forsti A., , Sawyer E.J., , Tomlinson I., , Kerin M.J., , Miller N., , Andrulis I.L., , Knight J.A., , Glendon G., , Marie Mulligan A., , Chenevix-Trench G., , Balleine R., , Giles G.G., , Milne R.L., , McLean C., , Lindblom A., , Margolin S., , Haiman C.A., , Henderson B.E., , Schumacher F., , Le Marchand L., , Eilber U., , Wang-Gohrke S., , Hooning M.J., , Hollestelle A., , van den Ouweland A.M., , Koppert L.B., , Carpenter J., , Clarke C., , Scott R., , Mannermaa A., , Kataja V., , Kosma V.M., , Hartikainen J.M., , Brenner H., , Arndt V., , Stegmaier C., , Karina Dieffenbach A., , Winqvist R., , Pylkas K., , Jukkola-Vuorinen A., , Grip M., , Offit K., , Vijai J., , Robson M., , Rau-Murthy R., , Dwek M., , Swann R., , Annie Perkins K., , Goldberg M.S., , Labreche F., , Dumont M., , Eccles D.M., , Tapper W.J., , Rafiq S., , John E.M., , Whittemore A.S., , Slager S., , Yannoukakos D., , Toland A.E., , Yao S., , Zheng W., , Halverson S.L., , Gonzalez-Neira A., , Pita G., , Rosario Alonso M., , Alvarez N., , Herrero D., , Tessier D.C., , Vincent D., , Bacot F., , Luccarini C., , Baynes C., , Ahmed S., , Maranian M., , Healey C.S., , Simard J., , Hall P., , Easton D.F., , and Garcia-Closas M. (2015). Prediction of breast cancer risk based on profiling with common genetic variants. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 107.","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/psyc.2014.77.2.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2802"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.943"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1235488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.184"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2238"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1785"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.111.001198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11632"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.0350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad2149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6890"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm415"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3406"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng J. Erzurumluoglu M. Elsworth B. Howe L. Haycock P. Hemani G. Tansey K. Laurin C. St. Pourcain B. Warrington N. Finucane H. Price A. Bulik-Sullivan B. Anttila V. Paternoster L. Gaunt T. Evans D. and Neale B. (2016). LD Hub: a centralized database and web interface to perform LD score regression that maximizes the potential of summary level GWAS data for SNP heritability and genetic correlation analysis. http:\/\/biorxiv.orgkontent\/early\/2016\/05\/03\/051094 (last accessed June7 2016).","DOI":"10.1101\/051094"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00093-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2013.00018","article-title":"The role of markers of inflammation in traumatic brain injury","volume":"4","author":"Woodcock T.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Woodcock T., , and Morganti-Kossmann M.C. (2013). The role of markers of inflammation in traumatic brain injury. Front. Neuro., l4, 18.","journal-title":"Front. Neuro."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.09.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/neu.2016.4550","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2016.4550","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2016.4550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T06:56:52Z","timestamp":1779433012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/neu.2016.4550"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neu.2016.4550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2016.4550","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-7151","1557-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-7151","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}}}