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In this study the number of injured motoneurons rescued by riluzole treatment and their capacity to reinnervate the denervated forelimb muscles was investigated. Surgical reconnection with a peripheral nerve graft between the affected spinal cord segment and the C7 spinal nerve was established immediately or with 1- and 3-week delay after avulsion. Avulsion and immediate reconnection of the motoneuron pool to the spinal nerve resulted in moderate reinnervation of the spinal nerve (281\u2009\u00b1\u200923 standard error of mean [SEM] retrogradely labeled motoneurons), whereas treatment of the injured motoneurons with riluzole yielded considerably higher numbers of reinnervating motoneurons (548\u2009\u00b1\u200918 SEM). Reconnection of the motor pool with the C7 spinal nerve with 1-week delay allowed fewer motor axons to reinnervate their targets in control and riluzole-treated animals (159\u2009\u00b1\u200921 vs. 395\u2009\u00b1\u200916 SEM). A clinically relevant 3-week delay in reconnection further reduced the number of reinnervating motoneurons (76\u2009\u00b1\u200922 SEM), but riluzole pre-treatment still enabled a significant number of rescued motoneurons (396\u2009\u00b1\u200917 SEM) to regenerate their axons into the C7 spinal nerve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>These results show that those injured adult motoneurons that are rescued by riluzole treatment started immediately after the avulsion injury are able to reinnervate their targets even if they are provided with a conduit several weeks after the primary injury. This finding suggests that partial rescue of injured motoneurons with riluzole in patients who suffered a brachial plexus avulsion injury may provide an available pool of surviving motoneurons for late reconnection\/reimplantation surgeries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T10:24:37Z","timestamp":1498645477000},"page":"2364-2374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Delayed Spinal Cord\u2013Brachial Plexus Reconnection after C7 Ventral Root Avulsion: The Effect of Reinnervating Motoneurons Rescued by Riluzole Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Gloviczki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Szeged","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"S\u00e1ndor P\u00e9terfy 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