{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T20:56:39Z","timestamp":1790369799832,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes autonomic dysfunction, altered neurohumoral control, profound hemodynamic changes, and an increased risk of heart disease. In this prospective study, we investigated the cardiac consequences of chronic experimental SCI in rats by combining cutting edge\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    techniques (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and left-ventricular [LV] pressure-volume catheterization) with histological and molecular assessments. Twelve weeks post-SCI, MRI-derived structural indices and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    LV catheterization\u2013derived functional indices indicated the presence of LV atrophy (LV mass in Control vs. SCI\u2009=\u2009525\u2009\u00b1\u200938.8 vs. 413\u2009\u00b1\u200928.6\u2009mg, respectively;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0009), reduced ventricular volumes (left-ventricular end-diastolic volume in Control vs. SCI\u2009=\u2009364\u2009\u00b1\u200944 vs. 221\u2009\u00b1\u200935\u2009\u03bcL, respectively;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0004), and contractile dysfunction (end-systolic pressure-volume relationship in Control vs. SCI\u2009=\u20091.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31 vs. 0.76\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11\u2009mm Hg\/\u03bcL, respectively;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0045). Cardiac atrophy and contractile dysfunction in SCI were accompanied by significantly lower blood pressure, reduced circulatory norepinephrine, and increased angiotensin II. At the cellular level, we found the presence of reduced cardiomyocyte size and increased expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptors and transforming growth factor-beta receptors (TGF-\u03b2 receptor 1 and 2) post-SCI. Importantly, we found more than a two-fold increase in muscle ring finger-1 and Beclin-1 protein level following SCI, indicating the upregulation of the ubiquitin\u2013proteasome system and autophagy-lysosomal machinery. Our data provide novel evidence that SCI-induced cardiomyocyte atrophy and systolic cardiac dysfunction are accompanied by an upregulation of proteolytic pathways, the activation of which is likely due to loss of trophic support from the sympathetic nervous system, neuromechanical unloading, and altered neurohumoral pathways.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]],"date-time":"2018-06-07T06:53:54Z","timestamp":1528354434000},"page":"950-961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Causes Left-Ventricular Atrophy and Is Associated with an Upregulation of Proteolytic Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Malihe-Sadat","family":"Poormasjedi-Meibod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maral","family":"Mansouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Fossey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan W.","family":"Squair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"MD\/PhD Training Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"McNeill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2045772313Y.0000000161"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(86)90027-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31822b7441"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2013.268367"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.4984"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00046.2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1268"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a1aa68"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(87)80158-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/mr.2000.3848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200005000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvs320"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(95)01087-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000259559.48597.32"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R110.170571"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1382"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-10-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"H1181","article-title":"Measurement of left ventricular mass in rats using electrocardiogram-gated magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"258","author":"Manning W.J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Manning W.J., , Wei J.Y., , Fossel E.T., , and Burstein D. 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