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This study investigated the executive control of mTBI by using the Stop-signal task. Eighteen adults with mTBI and 18 age-, sex-, and education level-matched controls were recruited. Behavioral performance and event-related potential correlates of response inhibition and error processing were compared between groups. The mTBI group tended to have a lower probability of inhibition and a longer stop signal reaction time. N1 amplitude was greater on successful trials. Also on successful trials, N2 and P3 peaked earlier than on failed trials. The N2 amplitude of the mTBI group tended to be smaller than that of the controls. The control group had larger P3 amplitude on successful trials than on failed trials, whereas the mTBI group exhibited no P3 amplitudes difference between the two trial types. In addition, the mTBI group showed significantly longer error positivity latency than did the controls. These results suggest that inhibitory control and error processing were inefficient in the mTB group even more than three months after injury. Electrophysiological markers of cognitive dysfunction can be used as a sensitive tool for determining executive control after mTBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T07:27:36Z","timestamp":1563434856000},"page":"115-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Neural Correlates of Response Inhibition and Error Processing in Individuals with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Event-Related Potential Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"I-Hsuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate Institute of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Ju","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate Institute of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan."},{"name":"Northern Service Center, Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan."},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Chih","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neurospine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan."},{"name":"Department of Neurospinal Surgery, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations and Deaths,","author":"Faul M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Faul M., , Xu L., , Wald M.M., , and Coronado V. 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