{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:38:32Z","timestamp":1790393912489,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, \u03b17 nAChR, plays a central role in regulating inflammatory responses. Previous studies showed that pharmacological inhibitors of \u03b17nAChR have a pro-inflammatory effect, increasing the circulating levels of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u03b1). This study focused on how genetic polymorphisms of the partially duplicated \u03b17nAChR gene (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRFAM7A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), which is highly expressed in peripheral blood cells, contribute to functional outcome after spinal cord injury (SCI). In a cohort of 27 SCI patients and 25 emergency room consented controls (% F\/M: 15\/85, 24\/76; mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SE age: 35\u2009\u00b1\u20091.38 and 35\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0 respectively), a panel of circulating cytokines, noradrenergic metabolite (normetanephrine [NMN]) levels, and clinical data were available within the first 7 days post-injury (DPI) up to 90 DPI, and were investigated in the acute\/subacute (DPI 1\u201321) and intermediate (DPI 22\u201390) temporal periods. Cytokine and NMN plasma levels on different DPI were analyzed as a function of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRFAM7A<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotype. TNF\u03b1 levels, as a representative of some elevated inflammatory mediators, were nearly threefold higher in individuals carrying the del-2bp variant of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRFAM7A<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene compared with that in the no-deletion genotype (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001 analysis of variance [ANOVA]) 3 weeks DPI, and twofold higher than genotype-matched acute\/subacute non-SCI injury controls within 7 days DPI. In contrast, NMN levels were initially unchanged, although after 3 weeks, NMN levels were significantly decreased in SCI individuals carrying the del-2bp variant compared with non-carriers (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.011 ANOVA). Numerical pain scores over this same period post-injury were significantly elevated in SCI patients carrying the del-2bp variant relative to non-carriers (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001 ANOVA). Taken together, these data reveal that pro-inflammatory responses associated with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CHRFAM7A<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene variation may also be associated with differences in pain experience in patients following SCI, at least during the intermediate phase.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T09:07:44Z","timestamp":1553850464000},"page":"3026-3033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Association of a Functional Polymorphism in the\n                    <i>CHRFAM7A<\/i>\n                    Gene with Inflammatory Response Mediators and Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Wan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Kabbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tricia K.","family":"Brannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming Kuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark M.","family":"Theiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Services, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Ecklund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvette P.","family":"Conley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Bioengineering McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoram","family":"Vodovotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, Bioengineering McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Brienza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Science and Technology, Bioengineering McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy K.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwendolyn A.","family":"Sowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Lipsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia."},{"name":"Inova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"J","volume":"39","author":"Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) 2016 Facts and Figures at a Glance","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) 2016 Facts and Figures at a Glance (2016). 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