{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:37:26Z","timestamp":1777927046303,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma tau and amyloid beta-42 (A\u03b242), neuropsychological functioning, and white matter integrity in U.S. military service members with (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009155) and without (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200942) a history of uncomplicated mild (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200983), complicated mild (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200926), or moderate, severe, or penetrating (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200946) traumatic brain injury (TBI). We hypothesized that higher levels of tau and A\u03b242 would be related to reduced neurocognitive performance and white matter integrity. Participants were enrolled prospectively from Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Participants completed a blood draw, neuropsychological assessment, and diffusion tensor imaging (General Electric 3T) of the whole brain. From 20 neuropsychological test scores, five cognitive domain scores were computed. Measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were generated for 18 regions of interest (ROIs). There was no relationship found between the plasma biomarkers and neurocognitive performance in any of the three TBI groups (all ps &gt;0.05; all R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    changes &lt;0.146). Although not reaching statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons, higher tau and A\u03b242 tended to be related to higher FA and lower MD, RD, and AD in patients with a history of moderate, severe, or penetrating TBI. There was no consistent relationship between either of the biomarkers and white matter integrity in the complicated and uncomplicated mild TBI groups. In addition, there was no significant relationship between the biomarkers and age, education, sex, race, bodily injury severity, time since injury, TBI severity, or number of TBIs (all ps &gt;0.15). Future investigation in larger samples of moderate, severe, and penetrating TBI are needed. Other plasma biomarkers, including phosphorylated tau, exosomal tau, and interleukin-10, may be more promising measures to use in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of TBI.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T06:09:31Z","timestamp":1551766171000},"page":"2190-2199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Plasma Tau and Amyloid Are Not Reliably Related to Injury Characteristics, Neuropsychological Performance, or White Matter Integrity in Service Members with a History of Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Sara. M.","family":"Lippa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"Contractor, Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Silver Spring, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping-Hong","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis M.","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracey A.","family":"Brickell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"Contractor, Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Silver Spring, Maryland."},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rael T.","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland."},{"name":"Contractor, Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Silver Spring, Maryland."},{"name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. DoD Worldwide Numbers for TBI. www.dvbic.dcoe.mil (Last accessed March14 2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.08.300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.0143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1075141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4846"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.2997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280701315011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200108000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.750752"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4333"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.0655"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1383"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.5694"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005518"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5376"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003246"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.1359"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Repetitive head impact exposure and later-life plasma total tau in former National Football League players","author":"Alosco M.L.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alosco M.L., , Tripodis Y., , Jarnagin J., , Baugh C.M., , Martin B., , Chaisson C.E., , Estochen N., , Song L., , Cantu R.C., , Jeromin A., , and Stern R.A. (2017). Repetitive head impact exposure and later-life plasma total tau in former National Football League players. Alzheimers Dement. (Amst) 7, 33\u201340.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5553"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2018.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0192-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06446"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03256301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24507"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828ab35d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197403000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","volume-title":"Conner's Continuous Performance Test II (CPT II)","author":"Conners K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Conners K. (2002). Conner's Continuous Performance Test II (CPT II). Multi-Health Systems: Toronto, ON."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition: Technical and Interpretive Manual","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wechsler D. (2008). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition: Technical and Interpretive Manual. Pearson: San Antonio, TX."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","volume-title":"Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System (D-KEFS): Examiner's Manual","author":"Delis D.C.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Delis D.C., , Kaplan E., , and Kramer J.H. (2001). Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System (D-KEFS): Examiner's Manual. The Psychological Corporation: San Antonio, TX."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1958.8.3.271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","volume-title":"Revised Comprehensive Norms for an Expanded Halstead Reitan Battery: Demographically Adjusted Neuropsychological Nroms for African American and Caucasian Adults","author":"Heaton R.K.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Heaton R.K., , Miller S.W., , Taylor M.J., , and Grant I. (2004). Revised Comprehensive Norms for an Expanded Halstead Reitan Battery: Demographically Adjusted Neuropsychological Nroms for African American and Caucasian Adults. Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc: Lutz, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","volume-title":"California Verbal Learning Test","author":"Delis D.C.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Delis D.C., , Kramer J.H., , Kaplan E., , and Ober B.A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test. Psychological Corporation: San Antonio."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","volume-title":"Neuropsychological Assessment Battery: Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation Manual","author":"Stern R.A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stern R.A., and White T. (2003). Neuropsychological Assessment Battery: Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources: Lutz, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","article-title":"Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition: Technical and interpretive manual","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wechsler D. (2009). Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition: Technical and interpretive manual. Pearson: San Antonio, TX.","journal-title":"Pearson: San Antonio, TX"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","volume-title":"Green's Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) for Microsoft Windows: User's Manual","author":"Green P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Green P. (2004). Green's Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) for Microsoft Windows: User's Manual. Green's Publishing: Edmonton, Canada."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","volume-title":"TOMM: Test of Memory Malingering","author":"Tombaugh T.N.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tombaugh T.N. (1996). TOMM: Test of Memory Malingering. Multi-Health Systems: Tonawanda, NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","volume-title":"Advanced Clinical Xolutions for Use with WAIS-IV and WMS-IV","author":"Pearson (2009)","unstructured":"Pearson (2009). Advanced Clinical Xolutions for Use with WAIS-IV and WMS-IV. Pearson Education: San Antonio, TX."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acs044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(96)00033-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","volume-title":"MMPI-2-RF (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form): Manual for Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation","author":"Ben-Porath Y.S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ben-Porath Y.S., and Tellegen A. (2011). MMPI-2-RF (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form): Manual for Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation. University of Minnesota Press: Minneapolis, MN."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10062"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.04.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2011.00023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-76978-3_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.2215"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aging, cognition, and the brain: effects of age-related variation in white matter integrity on neuropsychological function","author":"Fan Y.T.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fan Y.T., , Fang Y.W., , Chen Y.P., , Leshikar E.D., , Lin C.P., , Tzeng O.J.L., , Huang H.W., , and Huang C.M. (2018). Aging, cognition, and the brain: effects of age-related variation in white matter integrity on neuropsychological function. Aging Ment. Health, 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Aging Ment"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2018.1483530"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-151028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.07.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9164-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-018-9823-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e31817579d1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm294"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000305961.68029.54"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr161"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2018.1471738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181957032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp0810606"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000099"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/neu.2018.6269","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2018.6269","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2018.6269","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:33:28Z","timestamp":1777674808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/neu.2018.6269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neu.2018.6269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2018.6269","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-7151","1557-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-7151","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}}}