{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:26:25Z","timestamp":1790753185733,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head (HAIH) is claimed to be the most common sequela following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), but epidemiological evidence is scarce. We explored whether patients with MTBI had an increase in headache suffering following injury compared with controls. We also studied predictors of headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The Trondheim MTBI follow-up study is a population-based, controlled, longitudinal study. We recruited patients exposed to MTBI and controls with minor orthopedic injuries from a trauma center and a municipal outpatient clinic, and community controls from the surrounding population. Information on headache was collected through questionnaires at baseline, and 3 and 12 months post-injury. We used a generalized linear mixed model to investigate the development of headache over time in the three groups, and logistic regression to identify predictors of headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We included 378 patients exposed to MTBI, 82 trauma controls, and 83 community controls. The MTBI-group had a larger increase in odds of headache from baseline to the first 3 months post-injury than the controls, but not from baseline to 3\u201312 months post-injury. Predictors for acute HAIH were female sex and pathological imaging findings on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Predictors for persistent HAIH were prior MTBI, being injured under the influence of alcohol, and acute HAIH. Patients who experience HAIH during the first 3 months post-injury have a good chance to improve before 12 months post-injury. Female sex, imaging findings on CT or MRI, prior MTBI, and being injured under the influence of alcohol may predict exacerbation of headache.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,14]],"date-time":"2019-06-14T03:51:58Z","timestamp":1560484318000},"page":"3244-3252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Change in Headache Suffering and Predictors of Headache after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Population-Based, Controlled, Longitudinal Study with Twelve-Month Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Lena H.","family":"Nordhaug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattias","family":"Linde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turid","family":"Follestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ystein Nj\u00f8lstad","family":"Skandsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera Vik","family":"Bjark\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Division of Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toril","family":"Skandsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Vik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617710000196"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"585","article-title":"Time trends in the prevalence of headache disorders","author":"Linde M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Linde M., , Stovner L.J., , Zwart J.A., , and Hagen K. (2011). Time trends in the prevalence of headache disorders. The Nord-Trondelag health studies (HUNT 2 and HUNT 3). Cephalalgia 31, 585\u2013596.","journal-title":"The Nord-Trondelag health studies"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2010.01644.x","article-title":"Post-traumatic headache: is it for real?","volume":"50","author":"Obermann M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Obermann M., , Keidel M., , and Diener H.C. (2010). Post-traumatic headache: is it for real?. Crossfire debates on headache: pro. Headache, 50, 710\u2013715.","journal-title":"Crossfire debates on headache: pro. Headache"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"442","article-title":"Post-concussion symptom reporting and the \u201cgood-old-days\u201d","volume":"25","author":"Lange R.T.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lange R.T., , Iverson G.L., , and Rose A. (2010). 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