{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:37:50Z","timestamp":1777927070229,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is used clinically as a noninvasive measure for elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). This study had two purposes: to investigate the immediate effects optic nerve sheath (ONS) dilation post\u2013ICP increase on trabecular fibers connecting the optic nerve to the ONS and to document any changes in these fibers 30 days post\u2013increased ICP. In a swine model, ICP was increased by inflating a Foley catheter balloon in the epidural space. Three control pigs received the catheter insertion without inflation (no increase in ICP) and four experimental pigs received the catheter with inflation (increased ICP). The control and two randomly selected pigs with increased ICP were euthanized immediately after the procedure. The two other pigs were euthanized 30 days post\u2013catheter inflation. For all pigs, the ONS was removed and imaged using a scanning electron microscope, calculating percent porosity values. Porosity values for the experimental groups (Immediately measured [IM] \u03bc\u2009=\u20090.5749; Delayed measured [DM] \u03bc\u2009=\u20090.5714) were larger than the control group (\u03bc\u2009=\u20090.4336) and statistically significant (IM vs. Control,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0018; DM vs. Control,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0092). There was no significant difference (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.9485) in porosity of the DM group when compared with the IM group. This study demonstrated that the trabecular fibers immediately post\u2013increased ICP (ONS dilation) were more porous than the control and remained statistically different (more porous) after 30 days. These results suggest a structural change that occurs in the ONS with elevations in ICP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2019.6490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,29]],"date-time":"2019-06-29T07:23:21Z","timestamp":1561793001000},"page":"3132-3137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Increased Intracranial Pressure Damages Optic Nerve Structural Support"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"East","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."},{"name":"Center for Ultrasound Education, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parth","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zulqar","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maegan","family":"Newell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Hockman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Animal Services, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian M.","family":"Heger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann Marie","family":"Kuchinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.87.1.0034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01383383"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1149-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2007.00031.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"York","article-title":"Neurology\/neurosurgery, in: Improvised Medicine: Providing Care in Extreme Environments","author":"Iserson K.V.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iserson K.V. 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